Electronic Theses and Dissertations (Masters/MBA)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10539/37942

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    Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment Legislation’s (B-BBEE) Role in Evincing Financial Inclusion in South Africa's Banking Industry
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Khomunala, Avhasei; Horne, Renee
    The study aims to analyse the social and economic transformation brought about by the Broad- Based Black Economic Empowerment (B-BBEE) Act 53 of 2003, as amended by Act 46 of 2013. This delves into the impacts of the Amended Financial Sector Code (FS Code) on the banking industry, particularly analysing the effects of the Empowerment Financing (FS600) and Access to Financial Services (FS700) elements. The first objective explores the intricacies of South Africa’s policy structures and historical backdrop of the country that could potentially impact the decision-making process of the financial industry when executing transformative initiatives. The second objective is to recognise the constraints impeding the achievement of financial inclusivity within the banking sector and evaluate the influence of the Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment (B- BBEE) legislation in relation to the Amended FS Code with regards to the Banking industry . The research recommends a revision in the monitoring approach of the B-BBEE legislation in South Africa by drawing upon insights from international leaders and utilizing these discoveries to offer effective strategies for enhancing the involvement of marginalized communities. A quantitative research methodology was deployed by the extraction of secondary data for studying Bank’s financial inclusion initiatives and primary data through questionnaires disseminated to Beneficiaries of the two elements by means of targeting students of University of the Witwatersrand and professionals on LinkedIn. Through its quantitative assessment, descriptive statistics, Crosstabs, Chi-square analysis, and a summary of the results and explanation was provided. The comprehensive analysis of the South African Banking Industry as implementors of financial inclusion initiatives demonstrates significant advancements and positive trends. Furthermore, the dissertation normality tests, revealing significant departures from normal distribution assumptions for specific variables and residing area levels
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    Political risk and bank capital structure in emerging market economies
    (2020) Mukwapatira, Arthur
    This paper shows that banks play a crucial role (resource allocation) in the functioning of every economy, more so for developing economies where capital markets are not well developed and, in some cases, non-existent. Drawing from existing literature, we show that capital structure is an important determinant of bank performance and that political risk influences the choice of how much and what sort of debt banks employ. We show that heightened political risk increases the cost of debt, especially long-term debt thereby influencing the amount of employed debt versus equity, that is, capital structure. This paper shows that, relative to developed economies, developing economies experience more political risk. Another important finding is that, contrary to common belief, banks do rely on non-deposit debt to finance their activities, to an extent that, factors such as political risk, that affect the availability and cost of debt, directly impact banks’ decisions, performance and efficiency. We precisely explain how capital structure affects performance and demonstrate the exact channels through which political risk influences the debt-equity mix.