4. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - Faculties submissions

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    The accessibility of innovative payment solutions for low to middle market clients in South Africa
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Motloung, Tshepo Faith
    This study examines the accessibility of innovative payment solutions and services forindividuals in the low to middle market segment in South Africa. Recognising that financialinclusion as a crucial element of socio-economic growth, the study aims to understand theproblems and opportunities encountered by this demographic in adopting new paymenttechnologies. This research investigates the perspectives, experiences, and desires related toinnovative payment solutions through semi-structured interviews with 10 individuals fromvarious backgrounds and areas in South Africa.The findings provide detailed insights into the accessibility of payment solutions for clients inthe low to middle market. Firstly, participants emphasised the importance of affordability andsimplicity in promoting adoption. Participants showed hesitation towards solutions thatinvolved significant initial expenses or intricate fee systems, citing affordability as a crucialfactor. Simplicity in user experience and interface design is vital for overcoming hurdles linkedto digital literacy and technology fear.Secondly, the study highlights infrastructure limits and connectivity concerns as significantobstacles to accessibility. Participants stressed the significance of dependable networkcoverage and concerns about data security and privacy have arisen as major obstacles,highlighting the importance of strong legal frameworks and actions to safeguard consumers.Moreover, the research explains how cultural and societal influences influence paymentbehaviours and preferences. Participants emphasised that trust, familiarity, and social networksplay a significant role in influencing the adoption of payment systems. Traditional norms andbehaviours, such as informal savings clubs and community-based financial mechanisms, wereobserved to exist alongside new payment methods, highlighting the significance of tailoredapproaches to innovation.This research enhances the comprehension of the accessibility environment of innovativepayment options for low to middle market consumers in South Africa. The findings provideuseful insights for financial institutions and development practitioners aiming to enhancefinancial inclusion and promote inclusive growth in the region by emphasising the obstacles,possibilities, and complex dynamics influencing adoption
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    Exploring the Operational Challenges Encountered by Selected South African Multinationals in Nigeria
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Motaung, Sefatsanyane Karabo Kabelo; Appiah, Erasmus Kofi
    The report examines the operational challenges faced by South African multinationalfirms operating in Nigeria. The project aims to provide a detailed understanding of thestate of South African multinationals' operations in Nigeria, with a specific focus on theimpact of politics, culture, and logistics on their operations. Nigeria, being a significanteconomic powerhouse in Africa, offers lucrative business opportunities for foreigncompanies, including those from South Africa. However, operating in Nigeria presents aunique set of challenges, which this report seeks to explore. The research employsqualitative interviews with senior managers of selected South African multinational firmsin Nigeria and a comprehensive review of existing literature. The interviews aredesigned to gather firsthand insights into the operational challenges encountered bythese firms, allowing for a deeper understanding of the issues they face.The findings of the study highlight the intricate relationship between politics and theoperations of South African multinationals in Nigeria. Political factors such as regulatoryhurdles, political instability, and the government's attitude toward foreign companiessignificantly impact their operations. Moreover, the report delves into the influence ofcultural differences between South Africa and Nigeria on various aspects of businessoperations, including employee relations, customer engagement, and partnercollaborations.The relevance of theoretical frameworks such as internationalization, globalization, andentry modes of multinational corporations will be used in the context of the Nigerian retailsector (Chand, 2020). The applicability of these frameworks may need to be evaluatedcarefully to ensure they are appropriate for understanding the challenges faced by SouthAfrican multinationals in this specific context (Chand, 2020). In essence the paper will tryto link the intrinsic value that is key to the success of multinational firms in the retail sectorventuring into the Nigerian market. The paper will attempt to find probable reasons for thefailure of these South African multinational firms in Nigeria, and where possible, provideremedial recommendations that can be employed in the future to better grasp thecomprehension of the Nigeria market
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    Project Portfolio Management as an Enabler of Group Strategy within a Selected Commercial Bank
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Mosia, Rabothe; Venter, Rob
    The research topic under investigation is Project Portfolio Management as an Enabler of Corporate Strategy within a Selected Commercial Bank. The topic is important, as project portfolio management is an approach that enables organisation to realize it’s strategic objective. It is an approach that links corporate strategy and implementation. Organisations exist to deliver value to all stakeholders in the current competitive landscape. To achieve business value, projects have to be initiated by the different business units that align to the group strategy and executed efficiently with the available resources. However, organizations continue to face challenges that impede the timely and cost-effective delivery of projects. The research topic becomes important as it aims to explore the challenges that hinder effective project portfolio management, with an emphasis on project selection, prioritisation and alignment capabilities. Also to assess whether effective project portfolio management indeed improved employee productivity and business profitability. This is so organisation can close the gap between strategy formulation and implementation. A conceptual model is constructed by analysing literature, which takes into account corporate strategy, project portfolio management capabilities, staff productivity, and business profitability. This model can be utilised for upcoming empirical studies on the impact of strategy on project portfolio management and its effectiveness. Quantitative research was employed as the research methodology in this study. The rationale behind selecting this particular methodology is its ability to facilitate rigorous hypothesis testing, establish causal relationships, and ensure the applicability of research findings to a broader population. Stated differently, it provides a response to the question of quantity. The study further employed the judgmental random sampling technique to choose 163 individuals. A questionnaire was utilised to gather information from the respondents. Descriptive statistics and percentages were utilised to address the research questions posed in the study, while regression and correlation analyses were employed to examine the research hypotheses. The findings of this study revealed lack of collaboration between the different units in selecting and prioritising projects, employee lack of understand of how their day-to-day activities link to the group strategy as challenges that hinder effective project portfolio management with the selected bank. The respondents agree that the improvement of project portfolio management will improve employee productivity and business profitability. Moreover, the researcher provided recommendations based on the study's findings and conclusions. For example, the selected bank should include a strategic pillar that will focus on fostering collaboration within the group. Design a consistent framework to select and prioritise projects. And define processes that will enable business unit executive to consistently share the consolidate view of prioritised initiatives with all employees. Lastly create a platform for employee to give feedback on strategy
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    Experience of bowel, bladder and sexual problems and the effectiveness of a health program on quality of life and mental health in people with spinal cord injury in Manguzi
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Tomes, Lauren Meagan; Sonti Pilusa
    Background: The quality of life of people with spinal cord injury is significantly affected by secondary health conditions such as bowel, bladder, and sexual problems. Literature on the experiences of bowel, bladder, and sexual problems is limited and studies on health interventions in people with SCI are also scarce in South Africa. Aim: To explore the experience of bowel, bladder and sexual problems and the effectiveness of a health program on the quality of life and mental health, as well as to determine the effectiveness of a health program on the quality of life (QoL) and mental health of people with SCI in Manguzi, KwaZulu Natal. Method: This study was a mixed study. An explorative qualitative study design using semi structured interviews was employed. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, and content analysis was conducted to identify the themes and categories. A Quasi-Experimental quantitative design was used. A face-to-face health program on the prevention and management of bowel, bladder, and sexual problems in SCI was conducted for the participants with SCI. WHOQoL Bref and SF-12 questionnaires were administered before and six weeks post-intervention respectively. Paired t-test was used to identify changes in QOL and mental health pre and post intervention. Significance was set at p-value ≤ 0.05. Results: The themes that emerged from the experience of bladder and bowel problems were “no control” and “frustration”. The categories related to the experiences were: types of bladder and bowel problems, managing bladder and bowel problems and the effects on well-being: The main theme for the experience of sexual health problems was “Dissatisfaction”. The categories were: types of sexual health problems, factors influencing sexual activity, the impact of sexual problems, and the management of sexual health problems. The long-term care needs for bowel and bladder problems included access to proper toilets, nappies, medication (Dulcolax), ease of bowel movement, and health information on diet and how to manage their bowel and bladder problems better. The long-term care needs for sexual health problems included the need for medication (sexual enhancement pills) and information on how to manage sexual health problems. There were no statistically significant changes in the pre-test and post-test scores of both the quality of life and mental health.
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    Implementing blockchain technology in the South African judicial system
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Moropa, Xolisile
    Technology has played a pivotal role in enhancing many industries and therefore societies, which begs the question whether these technological developments can prove beneficial even to the judicial system in South Africa (Smith, et al., 2019). This research seeks to answer this question based on a qualitative approach to data collection from in-depth one-on-one interviews held with 15 participants including legal practitioners (attorneys, advocates, magistrates, and judges specialising in different areas of the law), and their clients. A focus group was also held with 10 similar participants. The research explores the current challenges experienced within the judicial system, and how the integration of blockchain technology could potentially enhance transparency, security, and efficiency in legal processes, thus leading to an improved client experience and benefits to legal businesses and courts in South Africa. The findings shed light on the potential benefits of blockchain technology implementation in the judicial system, as well as pointing to some of the socio-legal dynamics, technical considerations, and policy implications influencing the adoption of blockchain technology. All of this can offer valuable insights to policymakers, legal practitioners, and technologists who are seeking to navigate the intersection of law and emerging technologies within the South African context
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    The impact of pregnancy on women in the ferrochrome industry in South Africa
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Moropa, Thabiso Sekia; Appiah, Erasmus Kofi
    This thesis presents a comprehensive exploration of the ramifications of pregnancy on women employed within South Africa's ferrochrome industry. Drawing on a meticulous review of literature, including studies by notable researchers such as Dr. Nobuhle, Solomons, Dikgwatlhe and Mulenga, the research delves into the multifaceted challenges faced by women in this sector. The study illuminates the nuanced impact of pregnancy on the career trajectories of women within the ferrochrome industry. Synthesising literature insights with participants' perspectives, the research underscores recurring barriers such as limited access, safety concerns, and entrenched gender-based discrimination, both in academic discourse and on the ground. Employing a qualitative approach, the thesis critically evaluates company policies governing pregnancy and their alignment with fundamental employment conditions. Through one-on-one interviews and data analysis, the research unearths discrepancies between articulated policies and their actual implementation, highlighting persistent gaps that adversely affect the well- being of pregnant employees within ferrochrome mining companies. Furthermore, the study explores workplace safety, accommodation, and the financial implications entailed by pregnancy in the ferrochrome industry. By correlating literature insights with participant narratives, the research emphasises the challenges faced by pregnant women and advocates for strategic improvements to create a safer and more supportive work environment. Findings: The qualitative methodology reveals that pregnant woman in the ferrochrome industry encounter challenges in career advancement, face role constraints, and struggle with work-life balance. Participants emphasise the need for improved policies and support from both companies and colleagues. Issues such as physical strain in hazardous areas, emotional stress, and financial impact of extended maternity leave are prevalent. Suggestions range from flexible work arrangements to awareness programs, advocating for better policies and empathetic workplaces. Ultimately, the participants urge for a culture shift, ensuring fair treatment and empowerment for pregnant women in the mining industry. In conclusion, this thesis propels discussions on the strategic imperative of nurturing a social license within South Africa's ferrochrome industry. It examines how companies can empower women through policy reforms, fostering an environment conducive to gender equality, inclusivity, and community engagement. The findings contribute to a robust understanding of the impact of pregnancy on various facets of the ferrochrome mining industry, offering meaningful conclusions and recommendations for a more equitable landscape within the sector
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    The Impact of Organisational Culture on Organisational Development at the Road Accident Fund (“RAF”) in South Africa
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Morgan, Michelle; Matshabaphala, Manamela
    Whilst some organisations do have Organisational Development initiatives, they have a toxic Organisational Culture. At the Road Accident Fund, there are deficiencies in its culture, meaning employees are resistant to and do not buy into the organisational redesign which has resulted in slow progress, because of the lack of responsibility and accountability. The purpose of this study is to investigate the factors leading to the problem of a toxic culture, present the findings on Organisational Culture at state-owned entities, interpret the findings on Organisational Culture at a State-Owned entities and to recommend strategies for improvement of organisational culture at state-owned entities. Data was collected through questionnaires, which drew meaningful insights and interpretations about the organisational culture at the Road Accident Fund. The findings highlighted the need for organisational change initiatives to promote transparency, ethics and employee well-being. By implementing the strategies identified in this study, state-owned entities can embark on a journey towards fostering healthier, more resilient and more effective cultures, ultimately driving performance and achieving long-term success in an ever-evolving landscape. Overall, understanding and improving organisational culture are essential for organisational effectiveness and success. Thus, the findings and recommendations may have broader implications for addressing cultural challenges in various organizations and industries
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    Assessment of the Implementation of a Cloud-Based Software Solution for Drug Registration at a Pharmaceutical Company
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Moodley, Kogilam Angeline; Schaling,Eric
    This comprehensive research delved into the impact of implementing a cloud- based Regulatory Information Management software solution on the efficiency of drug registration processes within a pharmaceutical company. The study was guided by the hypothesis that the adoption of such a cloud-based solution significantly enhances efficiency by reducing time costs, boosting productivity, and fostering collaboration among cross-functional departments. Employing a mixed-methods parallel design approach, the research gathered quantitative data by means a survey administered to employees of a pharmaceutical company who are involved in drug registration processes utilizing the implemented software solution, and qualitative data through interviews with key stakeholders in managerial positions directly engaged in drug registration processes at the company. There were 52 respondents to the survey and 10 interviews were conducted providing an adequate representation of the population involved in drug registration processes at the company. Data analysis, comprising descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, and cross- case comparisons, uncovered patterns, challenges, and benefits. The analysis reveals that the implementation of cloud-based software for drug registration processes would lead to operational efficiencies and positively influences the various functions involved in producing a drug registration dossier and enhances the drug registration processes despite the variations in satisfaction levels and challenges in user adaptation. The findings contribute valuable insights into the effectiveness of cloud-based software solutions in improving drug registration efficiency, offering evidence- based recommendations for pharmaceutical companies aiming to optimize their processes through cloud-based technologies. Key recommendations include the need for continuous training and support programs and customization to meet evolving business requirements
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    Towards the Development of a Sustainable Procurement Framework for Improved Operational Efficiency in Donor-funded Procurements in the Zimbabwean Public Health Laboratory Services
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Mayavo, Crossman; Saruchera, Fanny
    The governments in sub-Saharan African countries seem to have failed to fund public health medical laboratory services adequately, and the donors have taken over such critical services. This study focused on developing a sustainable procurement framework for improved operational efficiency in donor-funded procurements in the Zimbabwean public health medical laboratory services. The study aimed to examine the donor-funded procurements processes followed by the public health medical laboratory services in Zimbabwe, to establish the effectiveness of donor-funded procurements in the medical laboratory services, to examine the determinants for donor-funded procurement for public health medical laboratories in Zimbabwe, and finally to examine the moderating effect of government policy on donor-funded procurement in the public health laboratory system. The study integrates Transaction Cost Economics, Person-Situation Interaction, and Agency theories to support the research’s argument. Guided by the pragmatism philosophy and the descriptive-exploratory nature of the research objectives, the research utilised mixed research methods in which 214 questionnaires were used while seven interviews were held with provincial scientists. The research results revealed that the donor-funded procurements processes followed by the public health medical laboratory services in Zimbabwe might be strengthened by close collaboration between the government and the donor community. The determinants of donor-funded procurement played a crucial mediating role between effective donor-funded procurement, donation requirement process, and donation recipient process. The study revealed that government policy plays a positive moderating role among the variables and effective donor-funded procurement. The Structural Equation Modelling revealed that the determinants of donor-funded procurement are the mediators among the variables and shows the direct relationship between the donation requirement, donation recipient preparation and donation implementation, and government policy as the moderator between effective donor-funded procurement and the expected procurement functions. The research findings could be of more importance as the laboratory is a crucial sub-health department that should provide accurate and reliable results for patient management, and the essential public health services entail that there should be equity in the health of all people, achievable through policies and systems that are actively promoted in the health systems. Future studies could focus on sustainable donor-funded procurement to determine how the Triple Bottom Line Approach may impact the procurement of laboratory equipment and other supporting commodities
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    The process for adopting Robotic Process Automation in the South African Banking Sector
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Mongwe, Mamelo Christina; Magida, Ayanda
    The banking industry in South Africa has taken a major step towards digital transformation with the use of Robotic Process Automation (RPA). The goals of this change are to increase operational efficiencies, boost customer service, and preserve competitive advantage in a financial landscape that is changing quickly. This calculated action marks a turning point in the adoption of cutting-edge technologies by South African banks, enabling them to better manage the intricacies of regulatory compliance, cut expenses, and streamline operations. This study explores the use of RPA in South Africa's banking industry, concentrating on the drivers, challenges, and impact of RPA integration in this setting. As the South African banking sector leads the way in adopting digital innovations to improve customer service and operational savings, RPA stands out as a key tool for optimising workflows and cutting expenses. This research adopted a qualitative research method, including semi-structured interviews for data collection, using a purposive sampling technique for participants selection and data analysed using thematic analyses. A total of 10 participants who contribute towards the adoption and implementation of RPA within various banks within South Africa were interviewed. The findings show that organisational culture, legal frameworks, and technology readiness interact intricately to shape RPA initiatives. The study also emphasises how important governance structures and stakeholder participation are in overcoming adoption-related obstacles to RPA. This study broadens the understanding of RPA's role in the financial sector's digital transformation by providing insights into the experiences of South African banks. It also offers recommendations for future research in the subject and consequences for practitioners