Electronic Theses and Dissertations (Masters/MBA)

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    The effects of COVID 19 on consumer mobile and online purchase behaviour
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Chanetsa, Edphan Peter; Saini, Yvonne K.
    There obtains an acute paucity of research on the how Covid-19 impacted consumer online and mobile application purchase behaviour in South Africa. Much of the work done on the impact of the pandemic on consumer behaviour has primarily focused on one aspect: online purchase behaviour. This study sought to assess the effects of the restrictions of the novel Covid-19 virus on consumer mobile and online purchase behaviour. The main objective was to understand the impact of Covid-19 related restrictions on mobile application purchase intention in grocery shopping. Similarly, the study also sought to understand the impact of Covid-19 related restrictions on online (desktop/laptop) purchase intention in grocery shopping. An online survey was conducted wherein 345 responses were obtained. The study employed a mixed methodology approach with the primary analysis being done quantitatively employing path analysis to establish the existence of causal links between Covid-19 restrictions and consumer behaviour in terms of both direction and magnitude. Regression analysis was further carried out to corroborate the findings of the path analysis. The qualitative aspect of the analysis was primarily employed to buttress the results of the quantitative analysis. The results showed that Covid-19 had a significant and positive impact on mobile and online consumer behaviour in South Africa. The advent of the pandemic caused an increase in the uptake of alternative means of making grocery purchases. Specifically, the institution of Covid-19 restrictions produced a substitution effect wherein digital purchase platforms were preferred to in-store purchases of groceries. Consequently, all the hypotheses developed by the study proved to be robust as they were confirmed by the results
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    Challenges of Entering New Pharmaceutical Markets in Nigeria and Ghana
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Motshoane, Thato Sebabatso
    Background: The pharmaceutical market is renowned for its stringent regulations and continuous production of superior drugs and products intended for human consumption. This study investigates the regulatory landscape of two African countries, namely Nigeria and Ghana, and the challenges of entering these economies as a result of the absence of regulatory harmonisation. The goal is to establish a regulatory framework that will facilitate the introduction of novel medicines and medical supplies into the market. Method: The research methodology employed involved the collection, processing, and evaluation of empirical evidence. The chosen strategy was qualitative research. Results: Entering new or foreign pharmaceutical market requires careful consideration, planning, and abiding by the regulatory requirements of the respective countries. Sustained prosperity will be guaranteed by enhancements in quality control and partnerships with local distributors and manufacturers. Partnering with local consultants who are familiar with the regulatory landscape, as well as local laws and policies is crucial. Lastly, it is important to be familiar with regulatory requirements from NAFDAC and the FDA to ensure ongoing compliance with evolving regulations. Conclusion: Improving the local pharmaceutical market in both countries encourages the entry of foreign international pharmaceutical corporations, thus stimulating the economy of both nations. Local pharmaceutical companies in Ghana and Nigeria can strengthen their competitive edge by increasing barriers to entry. This can be achieved by raising the calibre of goods produced, increasing operational effectiveness, lowering production costs, and engaging in local innovation initiatives. Locals should maximize local government subsidies while utilizing the local context, including the nation's culture and consumer base to their advantage
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    The impact of pregnancy on women in the ferrochrome industry in South Africa
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Moropa, Thabiso Sekia; Appiah, Erasmus Kofi
    This thesis presents a comprehensive exploration of the ramifications of pregnancy on women employed within South Africa's ferrochrome industry. Drawing on a meticulous review of literature, including studies by notable researchers such as Dr. Nobuhle, Solomons, Dikgwatlhe and Mulenga, the research delves into the multifaceted challenges faced by women in this sector. The study illuminates the nuanced impact of pregnancy on the career trajectories of women within the ferrochrome industry. Synthesising literature insights with participants' perspectives, the research underscores recurring barriers such as limited access, safety concerns, and entrenched gender-based discrimination, both in academic discourse and on the ground. Employing a qualitative approach, the thesis critically evaluates company policies governing pregnancy and their alignment with fundamental employment conditions. Through one-on-one interviews and data analysis, the research unearths discrepancies between articulated policies and their actual implementation, highlighting persistent gaps that adversely affect the well- being of pregnant employees within ferrochrome mining companies. Furthermore, the study explores workplace safety, accommodation, and the financial implications entailed by pregnancy in the ferrochrome industry. By correlating literature insights with participant narratives, the research emphasises the challenges faced by pregnant women and advocates for strategic improvements to create a safer and more supportive work environment. Findings: The qualitative methodology reveals that pregnant woman in the ferrochrome industry encounter challenges in career advancement, face role constraints, and struggle with work-life balance. Participants emphasise the need for improved policies and support from both companies and colleagues. Issues such as physical strain in hazardous areas, emotional stress, and financial impact of extended maternity leave are prevalent. Suggestions range from flexible work arrangements to awareness programs, advocating for better policies and empathetic workplaces. Ultimately, the participants urge for a culture shift, ensuring fair treatment and empowerment for pregnant women in the mining industry. In conclusion, this thesis propels discussions on the strategic imperative of nurturing a social license within South Africa's ferrochrome industry. It examines how companies can empower women through policy reforms, fostering an environment conducive to gender equality, inclusivity, and community engagement. The findings contribute to a robust understanding of the impact of pregnancy on various facets of the ferrochrome mining industry, offering meaningful conclusions and recommendations for a more equitable landscape within the sector
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    Assessment of the Implementation of a Cloud-Based Software Solution for Drug Registration at a Pharmaceutical Company
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Moodley, Kogilam Angeline; Schaling,Eric
    This comprehensive research delved into the impact of implementing a cloud- based Regulatory Information Management software solution on the efficiency of drug registration processes within a pharmaceutical company. The study was guided by the hypothesis that the adoption of such a cloud-based solution significantly enhances efficiency by reducing time costs, boosting productivity, and fostering collaboration among cross-functional departments. Employing a mixed-methods parallel design approach, the research gathered quantitative data by means a survey administered to employees of a pharmaceutical company who are involved in drug registration processes utilizing the implemented software solution, and qualitative data through interviews with key stakeholders in managerial positions directly engaged in drug registration processes at the company. There were 52 respondents to the survey and 10 interviews were conducted providing an adequate representation of the population involved in drug registration processes at the company. Data analysis, comprising descriptive statistics, thematic analysis, and cross- case comparisons, uncovered patterns, challenges, and benefits. The analysis reveals that the implementation of cloud-based software for drug registration processes would lead to operational efficiencies and positively influences the various functions involved in producing a drug registration dossier and enhances the drug registration processes despite the variations in satisfaction levels and challenges in user adaptation. The findings contribute valuable insights into the effectiveness of cloud-based software solutions in improving drug registration efficiency, offering evidence- based recommendations for pharmaceutical companies aiming to optimize their processes through cloud-based technologies. Key recommendations include the need for continuous training and support programs and customization to meet evolving business requirements
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    Employees’ Perceptions of Procedural Fairness of Employment Equity in a Multinational Pharmaceutical Company in South Africa
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Maitisa, Norah; Appiah, Erasmus
    Introduction: All employment procedures need to be fair and free of discrimination for all employees. Perceptions of fairness of EE is associated with high staff morale, high performance, and overall satisfaction with the company. When employees have negative perceptions of fairness of EE procedures, this may be disruptive for the organisation and impact on employees’ job satisfaction, morale, and create a racial division among employees. This can only be harmful to organisations trying to achieve an equitable environment for all. Understanding of such perceptions by organisations allow for implementation of programmes that will allow dialogue and corrective actions and implementing appropriate programmes. Perceptions on EE fairness needs to be heard from both designated groups and previously advantaged groups. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to assess the state of employees’ perceptions of EE procedural fairness, and to determine the impact of employees’ perception of EE procedural fairness of management & leadership practices (HR practices, performance appraisal and conflict management) on employees’ general satisfaction with the workplace. Methodology & Results: A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from employees in one company. Of the 104 electronic surveys shared with employees, 63 respondents returned the questionnaire and only data for 62 employees analysed. The study showed overall positive employees’ perceptions of EE procedural fairness. The study showed that positive perceptions of HR practices and conflict management increased overall satisfaction of employees with the workplace. Race, gender, and age had no influence on employees’ fairness perceptions in this study. Conclusion: When companies apply fair and consistent processes in HR, including conflict management, general employees’ satisfaction with the workplace increases. Positiveperceptions of procedural fairness will have a positive impact on companies, as employees are satisfied. Companies need ensure that all EE procedures are free from discrimination and are applied in a consistent manner across the organisation.
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    The feasibility of telemedicine based consultation in the primary healthcare sector in Johannesburg
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2021) Mistry, Karishma Jivan; Wotela, Kambidima; Zhuwao, Patrick
    Healthcare system in South Africa is overburdened and telemedicine is considered a useful tool to make quality healthcare more accessible. In South Africa, regulations imposed by Health Professional Council of South Africa (HPCSA) and restricted access to technological, educational, economic and sociocultural factors has limited the ease of accessing and using telemedicine. In order for telemedicine to gain prominence, it needs to be integrated into everyday practice and be seen as an alternative to face-to-face consultation. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate a combination of factors, in the context of Covid-19 pandemic, namely telemedicine as an engaging platform, seeking written or verbal informed consent for clinical procedures and using information and communication technology (ICT) and availability and knowledge of electronic resources to conduct virtual consultation. In addition, the method used to store patient information was examined to understand the prominence it has in the context of telemedicine. A quantitative, cross-sectional research strategy was used to collect data from 80 family physicians practicing in either private, state or both sectors. This study reported that a large number of participants have used some form of telemedicine, although only one third use it daily. On average the study population reported to agree that telemedicine is an engaging platform, but half the respondents found that the explanation concerning the disease or treatment is not better. Verbal consent is used more than written consent for activities relating to clinical examination or when using ICT. While, majority of the respondents indicated that they do have an electronic device to implement telemedicine consultation, only half the respondents had access to quality broadband network. The study also reported that about two-thirds of the respondents reported to stored patient information manually. Overall, more attention is required to make the functionality of telemedicine more noticeable. Telemedicine may not be valued so much when there is good health infrastructure, however, when health infrastructure is poor, telemedicine is unable to stand on its own. Hence, associated economic, education and socio cultural factors needs to be evaluated further so that behavioural barriers are reduced and telemedicine is used more frequently
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    The Patients’ Rights Charter and patient centered care in a South African hospital
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2021) Nku, Ipeleng Patience; Ngubane, Samkelo; Wotela, Kambidima
    South Africa’s historical context has resulted in significant disparities and challenges in its healthcare sector. The national Patients’ Rights Charter was developed to counter these challenges by empowering patients and protecting their rights. Nevertheless, majority of patients attending hospitals remain unaware of their rights, and as a result face many frustrations associated with the quality of healthcare they receive. This research seeks to assess patients’ perceptions on the Patients’ Rights Charter and the influence that it has on the concept of patient centered care in a public South African hospital. Making use of three components of the Patients’ Rights Charter, namely confidentiality, informed consent and patient participation in decision making, the extent to which the rights are perceived by patients will be explored. The goal of this study is to assist hospitals in and around South Africa to improve patient centered care through use of the Patients’ Rights Charter. The study employed a quantitative research approach making use of fully structured questionnaires. With 200 participants observed from the medical and surgical out patients departments of the Tembisa Provincial Tertiary hospital, results revealed that 86% were aware that they have rights as patients, while only 31% were aware of existence of the Patients’ Rights Charter. Overall the research found that patient perceptions of the Patients’ Rights Charter were favourable. Correlation analysis revealed that all three constituents had a positive relationship with patient centered care, while multiple linear regression analysis found that only patient participation and informed consent directly influenced patient centered care. Thus laying focus on improving implementation of the Patients’ Rights Charter can aid hospital management in enhancing patient centered care. Such improvement in implementation would best be achieved through collaborative efforts of different systems and areas of the hospital
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    Commercialisation of customised pharmaceutical compounded creams and ointments in a community pharmacy setting
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Matulodi, Itumeleng Bianca; Magida, Ayanda
    This research intended to discover and explore a business opportunity for high-quality, cost-effective creams/ointments and the therapeutic benefits to the end-user in a community pharmacy setting. A mixed research method was utilised in the proposed business venture in the form of primary and secondary data collection, solidifying methods in answering the research questions. A random sample size of 120 adults was used for the quantitative survey questions and 80 adults for the qualitative survey. Microsoft Excel spreadsheet was utilised to enter all the data and to make inferences from the primary and secondary data obtained. The Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 28 was used to code data and run the statistical analysis. The research results revealed that the cream combination may be prescribed by either the GP/Specialist and will not depend on gender, age, the frequency of prescribing, and whether the individual is using it for the first time or more. There was a perfect association between price and cream. Pharmaceutical compounded creams/ointments have a critical part in providing patient- centric products and services for individuals who may be underserved. This is a business that can be leveraged.
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    Working capital and sustainability of private practices in the South African healthcare sector
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Kondlo, Nangamso; Moyo, Bhekinkosi
    The major aim of this quantitative exploratory study was to investigate the impact that working capital has on the long-term sustainability of small businesses; focusing on private practices in the health sector. The study contributes towards an understanding of the role that working capital plays in improving the chances of survival and thriving for small and medium-sized businesses in South Africa. The study sample (n=76) was drawn from a population consisting of all general practitioners who run private practices in the Gauteng Province of South Africa. Data was collected through an online questionnaire administered via Survey Monkey. The questionnaire used had both closed and open-ended items. Answers to closed questionnaire items were analysed using descriptive statistics. The responses to open-ended items were analysed using content analysis, from which descriptive statistics were derived. The findings show that: private practices fund their working capital needs mainly through overdrafts and bank loans; there is a relationship between working capital and the sustainability of private practices; and the government and current policy frameworks are not doing enough to support the long-term sustainability of private practices in the health sector. Suggestions on how private practices can finance working capital requirements are given. It is recommended that amendments to public policy should be done, focusing on how to improve the long-term sustainability of private practices. Recommendations for future research are teased out
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    Job satisfaction of healthcare professionals in two East London public hospitals in South Africa in the context of Covid-19
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Dlodlo, Nkosilathi; Magida, Ayanda
    Introduction: Job satisfaction of healthcare workers is important to provide better patient care and with the prediction by the World Health Organization (WHO) that there would be a shortage of healthcare workers by 2030. The Covid-19 pandemic affected healthcare workers differently and hence the reason for the study. The aim is to explore and understand healthcare workers’ job satisfaction during the Covid 19 pandemic and make recommendations for human resource management to keep healthcare workers satisfied. Methodology: data collection was done from the 10th of October 2022 to the 5th of January 2023, with 203 participants from Cecilia Makiwane Hospital (CMH) and Frere Hospital (FH). Convenience sampling was done through an online survey that compromised of demographic and modified job satisfaction survey questions (JSS). Results: 82% of the participants were dissatisfied with the pay and remuneration; 76% were dissatisfied with supervision from the hospital management, and 83% were dissatisfied with contingent rewards. The healthcare workers were only moderately satisfied with their relationships with co-workers, which had a 41% satisfaction level. Conclusion: there is a need to improve on financial and non-financial components that would then motivate the healthcare workers and inevitably lead to better job satisfaction levels through regular assessment and improved policies that meet the needs of the healthcare workers