Electronic Theses and Dissertations (Masters)
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10539/37997
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Item The impact of Covid-19 on international migration and remittances in developing countries(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-03-20) Zihindula, Awa; Okon, keminiabasi EyitaInternational migration from developing countries and remittances to those same countries have risen steadily over time due to various factors. Remittance is a source of income for most developing countries. Both sending and receiving countries benefit from migration. However, shocks such as natural crises, pandemics and epidemics (COVID-19 and Ebola) have devastated the economy worldwide, with a high unemployment rate and lower income. This research report aimed to study the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on migration and remittances in developing countries to establish the relationship between inflow remittances and migration outflow controlling for other factors (such as unemployment rate, internet access, economic growth and GDP growth). World Bank data and UNDESA data were used in the study. However, the developing countries were dichotomized as African and non_African countries for an in-depth analysis. The study employed multiple regression model to identify the associations between variables. Results of the study found that in African countries before and during COVID-19, there was no significant relationship between migration outflow and inflow of remittances. Furthermore, the control variables did not have an effect on the dependent variable. For non-African countries, the result shows that COVID-19 did significantly affect the relationship between inflow remittances and migration outflow; when migration outflow increases, there is a decrease in remittances inflow.Item Their Narrative: A Feminist Study Examining The Everyday Lives of Migrant Girls Who Sell Sex In Chipinge, Zimbabwe(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-08) Nyahuma, Gloria Nyaradzo; Oliveira, ElsaThis thesis explores the everyday experiences of unaccompanied migrant girls who sell sex in Chipinge, a small town in eastern Zimbabwe. The participants of this qualitative study were four adolescent girls, ages 16 to 18 years old, of Mozambique descent. Guided by feminist standpoint theory, intersectionality, and adolescent theory, the study examined three main areas: (1) factors that lead adolescent girls to migrate unaccompanied; (2) trajectories of unaccompanied migrant girls into selling sex; and (3) how unaccompanied migrant girls who sell sex access their daily needs in their host countries. Drawing on arts-based research (ABR), the main methods used were storytelling and mapping. Unstructured interviews were also conducted with each participant after the ABR phase of the study ended. Although each participant had unique circumstances that led them to migrate unaccompanied, most explained family circumstances such as, death of parents, violence in the home, and poverty as being immediate drivers for migrating to Zimbabwe alone. Each participant also had unique experiences that influenced their decisions to sell sex, but social networks and exploitation in other informal livelihood activities played a major role. Selling sex was the primary livelihood strategy that the participants in this study engaged, which enabled them to access their basic needs of accommodation, food, and childcare. Whilst being an important livelihood strategy, selling sex exposed the participants to risks of violence and health, including HIV.