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Item A model for integrated tourism infrastructure planning in the South African public sector(2024) Chettiar, ShamillaInfrastructure supports competitiveness, productivity and economic growth. While planning is critical for co-ordination and delivery of infrastructure, integrated infrastructure planning models remain elusive. Integrated infrastructure planning is especially important to derive maximum benefits from limited public sector funding. This research focussed on infrastructure planning in the tourism context. Within the complex South African public sector planning system, the responsibility for infrastructure and tourism planning lies with multiple departments at national, provincial and local government spheres. Tourism infrastructure needs can therefore best be addressed through integrated planning. This thesis presents the results of a qualitative, multi-method study. Various methods, such as reviews of documents, key-informant interviews, focus groups and case studies were utilised to gather data. The research also contains the reflections of the researcher who has extensive experience in public sector planning. The research question was: “What are the key elements of a model for integrated tourism infrastructure planning undertaken by the South African public sector?” The model proposes three key elements - a National Tourism Spatial Development Framework; Regional Tourism Masterplans; and a Tourism Infrastructure Strategy and Plan. A People component has also emerged as being significant for the effectiveness of the model. The study further confirmed that the model will support the integration of tourism, economic, spatial and infrastructure planning and development. In the long - term integrated public sector tourism infrastructure planning in South Africa, should yield greater public sector investment, stimulate greater private sector investment, and ultimately support the growth and competitiveness of the tourism sector. This research makes a significant contribution to knowledge for integrated infrastructure planning.Item A Symphony of Sakina: Using mosque design to facilitate community development in Mooiplaas(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024-02) Jaffer, Raeesah; Janse van Rensburg, ArianeThis research report studies Mooiplaas Informal Settlement in Pretoria, South Africa. The research first discusses the developmental challenges of this marginalised community and then investigates ways in which informal settlements can be developed. It explores the design and application of a Mosque complex, focusing on its potential to facilitate community development. Mooiplaas has a growing Muslim population, and a Mosque is a fundamental requirement to facilitate prayer. The Mosque is further investigated to understand its significance and functionality in community settings throughout history. Previous developmental initiatives undertaken have not reached full potential to holistically address the needs of the Muslim and non-Muslim communities in Mooiplaas. Thus, this research investigates ways the Mooiplaas community can enhance resilience and sustainability by applying the Mosque complex as a fundamental instrument for future development initiatives. The proposed Mosque can facilitate social and economic upliftment within the settlement by providing spiritual development and education and promoting social cohesion.Item An application of John Rawls' principles of social justice to planning: issues arising from the implementation of the national housing subsidy programme in the inner City of Johannesburg(2024) Oelofse, Michael GeraldJohn Rawl' s conception of social justice has had a fundamental influence on liberal ethics yet its practical implications for distributive planning have rarely been considered in any comprehensive way. This is the key contribution of this thesis. Using the South African housing subsidy system, it examines how distributional policies may be structured to benefit the least advantaged and explores the consequences of their implementation in Johannesburg's inner city. Based on a literature review, it argues that Western planners often place the responsibility for distributional decisions on political processes, or concern themselves with maximising the public good without addressing the consequent allocation of the costs and benefits among members of society. Contemporary planning theory continues to avoid the substantive c.9ntent of social justice. Confronted with what seem to be equally valid, often competing conceptions of social justice, planners focus on the fairness of planning procedures instead of taking normative, principled positions on distributional outcomes. However, just procedure alone does not guarantee a just outcome. This requires adherence to some predefined set of distributional principles, and Rawls' political conception of social justice is presented here as a reasonable and compelling option for planners. Drawing on the author's practical experience, this thesis traces the liberal influence on the formulation of housing subsidy policy in South Africa and argues that national policy generally conforms with Rawlsian distributional principles. However, an empirical analysis of the housing sector in Johannesburg's inner city reveals that its impact is dissipated by a lack of local commitment to the original principles. Conflicting development principles and a failure among many residents to honour the obligations attached to housing benefits compound the problem. This thesis concludes that Rawlsian principles of social justice in combination with the contemporary communicative turn in planning provide planners with a powerful means of placing social justice on the development agenda, but that these principles require championing because conflicting principles and interests continuously place the needs of the least advantaged at risk.Item Analysis of the developmental potential of artisanal and small-scale mining: a strategy for South Africa(2024) Twala, Pontsho FrancinahThe mining industry remains central to the socio-economic development of mineral economies. While this is the case, most African countries have been struggling to translate the benefits of mining into positive developmental outcomes. This has been attributed to several factors including the failure to leverage opportunities from the Artisanal and Small-Scale Mining (ASM) sector which has been growing in most countries. As is the case in other African countries, the mining industry continues to play a considerable role in South Africa’s economy. The industry is expected to contribute significantly to the country’s socio-economic agenda which aims to eradicate poverty and inequality by 2030. Despite the positive outlook, the performance of the industry has been declining resulting in the government identifying a series of interventions aimed at reviving the industry’s activities. Amongst these is the formalisation of the ASM which has been earmarked for job creation and poverty alleviation. The objectives of the Thesis were to establish the developmental potential of ASM in the country, and subsequently develop a strategy framework aimed at enabling the sector to contribute to the mining industry and national development plan. The study was conducted using multiple case studies with data collected and analysed using multiple methods. The major finding from the study is that the ASM sector has the potential to contribute towards the country’s development priorities. This is taken from the evidence that shows a direct link between the sector’s activities and the country’s socio-economic landscape. It was established that the main drivers of ASM are socio-economic challenges in the country, mainly growing unemployment and poverty levels. To this end, ASM is playing a role in providing livelihoods to country’s population is that most affected by poverty and unemployment. As a livelihood strategy, ASM has improved the poverty status as well as the living standards of those that participate in its activities. The evidence from the study revealed that most of the miners measure above the country’s subsistence level and can provide for themselves and their families. The benefits of the sector also extend to communities and overall, these can be linked to several objectives as captured in the country’s development plan. The conclusion from the study is that the developmental potential of ASM can only be leveraged if the challenges in the sector are addressed, and these encompass issues relating to the regulation of the sector, mining land and mineral resources; value chain constraints, and related support, responsible practices, institutional arrangements, and ASM stakeholder relationships.Item Application of derivative techniques to improve the forecasting of price volatility of copper, gold and platinum metals(2024) Veriyadi, VeriyadiThis research investigates the forecasted price volatility of copper, gold and platinum metals based on the selected companies; Palabora Copper Mining Ltd, AngloGold Ashanti Ltd, Gold Fields Ltd, Sibanye-Stillwater, Anglo Platinum Ltd and Impala Platinum Ltd. In responding to the latter sentence, single price volatilities are dual volatilities, where dual volatilities comprise of financial and technical variables. The selected firms either have global operations or they are subsidiaries of global companies. Dual volatility is computed using a Sample Correlation Coefficient and in order to explore the dual volatility, this research introduces three hypotheses. The first hypothesis uses a Decision Tree Analysis to test dual volatility based on financial and technical variables (e.g., mineral commodity price, metal grade, operating cost and production rate) in improving the forecasting of price volatility of copper, gold and platinum metals. For validation, the first hypothesis uses the Markov-Regime Switching Model. The results of this hypothesis illustrate that dual volatilities are more accurate and robust than price only volatilities. Then, the second hypothesis examines dual volatility using a GBM model. This hypothesis tests dual volatility; which is computed based on financial and technical variables (e.g., oil price, copper price, oil production and consumption, copper production and consumption; and the exchange rate from U.S.$ to ZAR and gold and platinum price data). The chosen variables that affect the dual volatility are examined using a Multiple Regression Model and that model confirms that those variables are independent in principle. Finally, the third hypothesis estimates future profits based on a binomial tree, which has risk-neutral probabilities based on dual volatility using mineral commodity price, metal grade, operating cost and production rate. The results of risk-neutral probabilities using dual volatility are less optimal than a mineral commodity price volatility due to not accounting for the mean of logarithmic returns. The robustness test uses the VAR model, which indicates that the profits react differently to different shock stages from revenues, risk-free interest rates and profits. In conclusion, dual volatility can improve future price forecasting performance because duality is underpinned by different variables, which include independent variables from the global commodity markets. The forecasting performance improvement from dual volatility in predicting the future price can be shown by the lower value of the Root Mean Square Error and Mean Absolute Percentage Error results than a mineral commodity price volatility. The findings of this research apply to copper, gold and platinum metals for mining around the globe.Item Architecture as mnemonic experiencing past, present, and future narratives in a Johannesburg cultural complex(2024) Segal, YehudaMemory is transient, it comes and it goes. It is a passing remembrance of a past time, person or place. Memory is the experience we store in our minds to recall at a future time and date. It is the friends we make on the first day of school, our childhood holidays, or beach sand between our toes. Memory is also stored in books, visuals, art, and the internet. It is the long-gone monarch in a painting, the photographs and videos of historical events that record a past time and people. And so, memory is architecture- or, simply, space. Spatial recall- the ability to remember a space or place, directions from point A to point B, is the reason we find our way when lost. The architecture of memory is related to that of structures, buildings and spaces that serve to record or preserve a past event or person, yet also the landmark that guides us. It is a museum, memorial, triumphal arch and even a religious or cultural space. It is also the old as opposed, or in harmony with, the new. Architecture as mnemonic is relatable to other aspects and devices with mnemonic value. Memory is therefore an important aspect of archi - tecture and the built world. Not only do we remember through spatial interactions, we also experience spaces which lead to us creating new memories.Item A bathhouse in Cyrildene - a phenomenological approach to the design of a bathhouse in Johannesburg(2021) Kow, AlanIn Johannesburg, there is a lack of global bathhouse typologies. They either don’t exist or are in a form which caters to a niche subculture. Bathhouse culture has been around for hundreds of years and many people around the world take advantage of it as a form of communal bonding, relaxation and general hygiene. In addition to this, when done correctly, it has the effect of stripping away of social class and distinction as well as providing a safe and entertaining environment for those within its walls. This study aims to bring my personal experience of an East-Asian bathhouse into Cyrildene, a predominantly Chinese neighbourhood, that is slowly losing its cultural identity. Building on existing data on historic bathhouses from around the world, it asks: How can the concept of phenomenology be used to guide the design of an Asian style bathhouse in order to enhance the Asian/Chinese cultural experience and help in the revitalisation of Derrick street as a distinct cultural hub In Johannesburg? The main methodologies that will be used in this report will be from literature reviews on historical analysis of bathhouses around the world but more specifically in Eastern Asia. One on one interviews with the residents and shop owners living in Cyrildene as well as the owner/s of a spa. Observations based on mapping and photography will also be employed. The last will be the use of auto-ethnographic data from my own experiences. The main hypothesis of the report will be seeing if the bathhouse typology through the use of a variety of different programs that range from bathing to eating to sleeping in addition to the application of architectural phenomenological theories helps make it suitable for Cyrildene and thereby revitalise and strengthen the areas existing cultural identity.Item Bridging the Past: Redeveloping parts of Fordsburg to create secure and empowering environments for women(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024-03) Dar, Sarah; Szentesi, AnitaThe safety of women in public spaces has become an increasingly unsettling issue in South Africa. One of the most severe violations of human rights that still occurs in communities worldwide is gender-based violence, a phenomenon that has a foundation in gender inequity. Gender-based violence affects both men and women, but women and girls comprise most of victims. Public spaces have favored the safety of men, whereas women struggle for their wellbeing in the same space. There is a need for a re-imagined women only space concept, in which women can evolve in, in hopes of creating safer spaces. (UN-Habitat, 2015). The proposal for this thesis is a Skills and Development Centre for women. The Centre will aim to create women run businesses in male dominated spaces with the research focusing on women empowerment through education, and further investigating past architectural theories on women-only design.Item Change the GOAL: Promoting sports & community engagement through the integration of FNB Stadium(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024-02) Ramsarup, Shreya; Kirkman, DeborahSouth Africa has invested many billions of rands to build and renovate stadiums. This investment has some advantages, such as fostering national pride and boosting political and economic agendas. However, the benefit to the ordinary citizen is exaggerated. This is evident at the FNB Stadium, while used for elite sport, majority of the Soweto community do not come to the stadium. To the local community it a symbol of something beyond their lived worlds. Against this context my project explored how the FNB stadium can become a sport and cultural led space that locates local people at the center of its use identity. I explored the design of the stadium precinct as a mixed-use space with a focus on sport and football development, allowing opportunities for more people to better connect and understand what the stadium has to offer. This re-imagining of FNB as a stadium fostering broader community aims helps to break the pattern of the stadium as an alienated icon within this historically disadvantaged community.Item A comparison of various modelling techniques to optimise production rate on a platinum mining project(2021) Dreyer, JacoEvery business aims to create an optimal economic value for its shareholders. The production rate is one of the critical drivers of value in the mining business. Several approaches have been developed to determine the production rate for mining operations. This study applied three approaches for determining production rate, namely the tonnage-based, microeconomic and marginal-analysis modelling methods. These methods were applied on a platinum project, and the production rate results from the three methods were used to determine the life of mine (LOM) production profiles, capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX). These results were then used as inputs into a discounted cash flow (DCF) model. The DCF model results were compared and analysed to determine a production rate determination method that results in an optimum production output rate for the project. The study revealed that the tonnage-based modelling technique resulted in the highest production rate of 410-kilo tonnes per month (ktpm), the highest CAPEX of USD957.24 million, the lowest OPEX of USD75.37 per mined tonne, the highest net present value (NPV) of USD63.12 million and the highest internal rate of return (IRR) of 12.85% over a 40-year LOM. The microeconomic modelling technique ranked second with a production rate of 270 ktpm, CAPEX of USD 726.24 million, OPEX of USD 76.68 per mined tonne, NPV of USD 3.46 million and IRR of 10.17%. The marginal-analysis modelling technique ranked last with a production rate of 230 ktpm, CAPEX of USD 658.76 million, OPEX of USD 77.83 per mined tonne, NPV of USD -10.69 million and the lowest IRR of 9.47%. Mineral Resource tonnage-based modelling may be further investigated in other commodities other than platinum or other multi-element/polymetallic mineral deposits in line with the South African mining industry. This will result in the formulation of industry-specific calibration in the South African mining industryItem Critically exploring the link between privatization and institutional capacity at the local government level in South Africa(2024) Ralane, Hluma LuvoThis study aims to critically explore the link between privatization and institutional capacity at the local government level in South Africa. The study is presented in a user-friendly manner for a wider readership. The central themes explored by the study are local municipalities and privatization. A discussion of the central themes of this paper evolves in the following way. Firstly, the paper outlines the nature of local government in South Africa dating back from the apartheid epoch to the inception of democracy in 1994. It reflects on the local government sphere which is a collective of local municipalities, analysing the nature and structure of this sphere. In its expedition, it particularly focuses on a Category B municipality from Queenstown Eastern Cape. Surveying the outplay in the link between privatization and the institutional capacity in this municipality through the contracting-out of services, particularly water privatization in that municipality. The reflection on local government is succeeded by the scrutiny of the privatization theoretical framework. The study assesses the root nature of privatization. It investigates its emergence from a global frame of thought, how it has evolved through neoliberalism, and ended up superseding other macro-economic frameworks and being a central policy of governance linked to the institution's capacity. The study further looks at the different frameworks provided by the government to enhance institutional capacity at the local government level, together with the methods and theories that characterize privatization, and the outcomes that underpin it. The scrutiny of the above central themes leads to a broad analysis of case studies from a global realm, regional arena, and local arena. The study utilized both qualitative and quantitative research methods to gather data for the study to complement the former methods the study used an exploratory research design as it was broadly exploring the link between privatization and institutional capacity. It further used semi-structured interviews to substantiate the theoretical findings. Throughout the paper, explicit examples are provided to substantiate all arguments raised.Item Cross-border pollination: incubation hub for urban farming in Yeoville(2024) Kubanza, Nzoli GloriaYeoville holds the reputation as an Afro-migrantcentric suburb in Johannesburg (ABED, 2019), with each dispossessed body desiring to keep their cultures alive. This has created social boundaries between South Africans and other African nationalities in the urban landscape. The burning of Yeoville Market is the physical manifestation of growing tension in the community. Gambela (BÉNIT-GBAFFOU, 2019) (known by the neighbourhood) provides migrant women from the diaspora the opportunity to respond to the economic crisis they face in their home country. The enclosed market sphere encourages cultural exchange and interaction by eating, processing, and selling food from home. For migrants living in Yeoville, food is not only a source of nutrients but a tool to transmit culture. Thus, the burning of the market signifies the resistance of the community to integrate. The thesis will follow the Congolese women in the Yeoville market who frequently encounter borders, traveling with various products including cassava. The traders use cassava to transgress the misconceptions of a patriarchal stereotype of an African housewife, simultaneously ensuring household survival. Cassava holds a cultural significance to the West African women as the method of processing cassava requires the knowledge of the native women that have passed down from one generation to another, perfected through time and across borders (Christina Emery, 2021). The importance of the plant not only lies in its mobility but its functional characteristics of promoting harmony, encouraging collaboration, and a medium in which information is transferred (Christina Emery, 2021). In asking the question “how can cassava be used to mend the fragmented community of Yeoville” this thesis will be using cassava as a framework to explore themes of, mobility, boundary, and identity. Re-introducing the market to the community as an agricultural hub. The architectural intervention will re-interpret the market as a space that transmits and preserves culture. The project aims to mediate the fragmented communities of Yeoville using food to educate, generate social spaces, and food works to encourage community involvement.Item Desire Lines: Addressing the Pedestrian and their Access to the Jukskei River Through Public Interest Design(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024-02) Smuts, Robyn; Felix, SandraIn this thesis, the propinquity of pockets defined between urban schemes of Dainfern and Diepsloot is explored. As well as the overlap zones of various networks of urban goers. The possibility of developing the prospective benefits of these pockets will be outlined through the principles of public interest design (PIB), placemaking, and adventure playgrounds. This reinforces the ideals of ‘rights to the city’ and creates a feeling of citizenship by focusing on the commonalities of the urban goers. To create a community between otherwise divided groups. The research methodology is site and context-centred, revealing where conflicts may lie, and opportunities sourced. Doing this through the exploration of the materiality and features of the Jukskei River site, and the desire line paths that weave through it. The proposed design develops a productive, shared space that instigates common curiosity and skill development through addressing the propinquity of various urban goers and utilizing the rubble and waste that has accumulated on the site.Item Discrimination between nearby and direct lightning strikes to a long operational medium voltage line to assist in the determination of the basic insulation level (BIL)(2024) Van Schalkwyk, Willem Jacobus DirkseThe lightning performance of a Medium Voltage (MV) line needs to be divided into two categories: lightning performance due to nearby lightning and direct lightning strikes. A better nearby lightning performance requires a higher Basic Insulation Level (BIL) while the direct lightning performance requires a lower BIL to minimize equipment failure. The electromagnetic coupling models for calculating the Lightning Induced Overvoltage (LIOV) on a line are complicated and reliant on accurate input data. Therefore, short floating lines (< 3 km) were used to calculate the line’s lightning performance. The models were then verified with LIOV measurements on these short floating lines and the results were normalized to estimate the lightning performance of long operational lines. These estimations for long lines could never be verified due to the complexity of calculations and the cost and logistics of equipment to do measurements on long operational lines. A new methodology to measure the lightning performance of a long operational line was developed and verified. The obstacles such as the long line length, the changing soil resistivity, the lightning channel properties and the rapid attenuation of the LIOV along the energized line have been used as an advantage in the new method. The finite soil conductivity was used as an advantage to distinguish between nearby lightning and direct lightning strikes while the power frequency current was used to determine whether the LIOV exceeded the line BIL and caused a line fault. An existing electromagnetic coupling computer model, the ATP-EMTP, was verified with the existing ERM using the same input data. The ATP-EMTP model was then extended to include the equipped long MV line. There was no existing model or measurements to which the results could be compared to. Actual nearby lightning and direct lightning strikes of which the termination point was known were used to verify the new methodology. A significant size database (consisting of 38 675 lightning flashes and 1 155 line faults over two years) was used to evaluate the IEEE Std 1410-2010 estimated lightning performance of the long line.Item External change management: the revised policy of registered construction health and safety agents in South Africa(2021) Khoza, Sepelong RebeccaPurpose: South Africa’s construction industry continuously strives to improve its health and safety( H&S). Consequently, South Africa revised its Construction Regulations in 2014 to include the requirement for the application for construction permit to include a competent construction health and safety (CHS) agent. This research investigates how change management processes enable construction companies to effectively comply with the revised H&S policy requirement. Design/methodology/approach: Using a cross-sectional survey design, an online structured questionnaire was sent to SACPCMP-registered construction professionals and construction professionals of a state-owned enterprise in South Africa using purposive sampling. 170 construction professionals responded (85% response rate). Likert scale/ ordinal data were collected on the factors affecting the registration for the CHS agents (Objective 1), understanding of the implications of implementing the revised H&S policy (Objective 2), applicability of the different change management strategies (Objective 3), and the attitudes towards organizational changes for implementing the revised H&S policy (Objective 4). Findings: There was a strong agreement that H&S is best implemented in the early phases of construction project (Objective 1). Average understanding existed that any person who is interested in being an H&S agent can become one by going for an interview only(Objective 2). Also, there was a strong agreement that project participants’ need to comply with the changes as required by the law (Objective 3) and that the attitude of top management towards change is positive (Objective 4).Research limitations/implications: The construction professionals acknowledge that the revised H&S policy needs to be adhered to, as per the law, however there are hindrances to being registered because of factors that can be sorted out by management and how they roll out the change management within the companies. Originality/ Value: The Ingenuity of the research is based on the change management in the context of the revised H&S policy in South AfricaItem Food security in rural areas: the case of the Umkhanyakude District Municipality in the Northern Region of KwaZulu-Natal(2024) Nhlozi, Mduduzi WStudies on food security focusing on households began attracting considerable attention in the mid-1970s following a surge in the cost of food production and food prices. The surge in prices led to increasing percentage of food insecure households throughout the world. To address the growing number of people affected by hunger, countries sought to develop new technological techniques to produce food in large quantities particularly in the developing world. The thrust of the approach was to ensure the availability of food first. The understanding was that large food quantities would result in food-secure nations. Overtime, researchers realised that improved food production does not lead to food secure households. Since then, the percentage of people affected by hunger has continued to increase with 690 million (8.9%) considered food insecure in 2020 (Food Agriculture Organisation – FAO, 2021) despite relative increase in food production. South Africa is not an exception with 23% of the population reported food insecure in 2020 (van der Berg et al., 2021). The reports by the NIDS-CRAM have indicated that the outbreak of coronavirus pandemic in 2019 has further exacerbated food insecurity at a household level. The purpose of the study is to explore mechanisms used by rural households to achieve food security during various threats and risks to their livelihoods. The case study adopted is the Umkhanyakude region which is in the rural area of northern part of KwaZulu Natal. It covers an area of 13855.35 km² and accommodates approximately 625 846 people constituting a total of 128 195 households (Stats SA, 2011). The region was selected as a case study due to its economic, social, demographic and ecological characteristics. The study uses semistructured questionnaire to collect information on lived experiences of households in their quest to access and ensure availability of food. The study finds that households use several food strategies namely economy-related, culture-related and rite-of-passage to achieve food security. The strategies are framed within the context of what Nee and Ingram (1998) refer to as new institutionalism or new institutional economics. New institutional economics places focus on the importance of a “web of interrelated norms – formal and informal” that govern how individuals and households in Umkhanyakude region “respond to perception of costs and benefit in exchanges and invest in or divest themselves of particular ties” (Nee and Ingram, 1998: 19). The study argues that these strategies are embedded within social norms, values, and cultural practices beyond the ambit of orthodox economics. It further argues that the discourse on food security in rural areas must be framed beyond the economic analytical framework, to reckon with the embedded social and cultural norms, practices, rules, and relationships and to develop salient policy interventions. The study advocates for the development of localised food security plans by local municipalities to improve food security status of rural households. This is because food insecurity is largely felt at community and household levels. It is important that policy frameworks to manage food security are placed at municipal levels where local communities can easily access them.Item Foraging for Earth: resurrecting the heritage of ochre through land reparation of an iron ore mine(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) O'Maker, Simone; Felix, SandraThis thesis aims to extract concepts, ideologies and theories viable to the rights of land. To rewrite a set of spatial relations that deeply grapple with the remnants of the Ngwenya mountain, in an iron-ore mine within the Kingdom of Eswatini, as an archaeological, cultural, ecological and geographical site. Foraging for Earth aims to mend its wounds that gives back the earth its dignity. It questions what architecture arises from seeing the land as a living being and to what extent it can form a relationship with a post-mined landscape. The concept of the design is derived from the site’s scar, a palimpsest of narratives rooted to memory, decay, healing and regeneration, and thereby interprets reparative strategies into a living archive that aims to reclaim what the landscape used to be. The program includes an earth reparation facility, a knowledge-sharing centre, an ochre sanctuary, craft studio and a sculpture garden. Constant visual and physical engagement encourages one to be aware of the land’s rich narrative.Item Geometallurgical influence of clays on the Jwaneng kimberlite value chain(2024) Nkgakile, NaomiGeometallurgy is a cross- disciplinary function that provides a better understanding of the ore characteristics impacting the treatability of the material. Optimal treatment of the material is enabled by understanding variability in the ore body. Having this understanding leads to flexibility when planning mining mixes. The present investigation of the Jwaneng DK2 deposit’s geometallurgical responses demonstrate that various rock lithologies impact the treatability of the Jwaneng kimberlites. The plan t is therefore hindered from achieving design capacity as a result of its treatability constraints. The volcaniclastic kimberlite, which is a majority- treated lithology at Jwaneng Mine, contains the highest volumes of smectite clays. These clays cause settling challenges resulting in higher consumption of processing materials. To allow for informed strategic planning, all vital treatability information on the clayrich kimberlites needs to be collected. The clay occurrence can then be incorporated into the creation of the geometallurgy model. Then the completed geometallurgical model can be utilised as a predictive tool for planningItem Improving open pit mine economics through ultimate pit slope optimization: case study of Pickstone-Peerless mine(2024) Nyamande, PardonIn most open pit mining operations the need to create stable pit slopes and the influence of the overall pit slope on the economics of such an operation is highly appreciated. Despite such knowledge many open pit mines are designed with little or no geotechnical investigations being carried out so as to come up with an optimized pit slope in line with site specific conditions. This can lead to under or over estimating pit slope angles. Conservative (too gentle) slopes result in high stripping ratios therefore a high operating cost. Slopes too steep may result in slope failures, which may lead to high operating costs or premature mine closure. This project emphasises the importance of geotechnical investigations not only for safety reasons but for economic reasons as well. A case study of Pickstone Peerless mine was used. Geotechnical data was gathered through core logging and face mapping of the existing pit. The data gathered was then used for stability analysis employing empirical, kinematics, limit equilibrium and numerical modelling. Rocscience software packages were used for numerical based analysis. From the results obtained it was concluded that it is possible to steepen the current 52o overall pit slope angle of the Peerless pit by 1o without compromising stability at both bench and regional scales. This will be possible provided adequate slope management practices are put in place and adhered to. The steeper slope would have saved the mine more than 2,681,110 m3 of waste stripping, translating to in excess of $12,064,995.00 (USD) in financial savings for the existing pit. The steeper angle applicable to the current pit may not be appropriate to the pit extensions. Further geotechnical evaluations should be done on suitably positioned and spaced boreholes in the area of the extension, to verify the stability of steeper slopes in that area. The analysis done as part of this project was used to show that the current pit can be deepened by 5 m without a push back.Item Inheriting Resonance: Regenerating Indigenous African Musical Pedagogy Through an Education and Culture Centre in Newtown(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-09) Bopela, Bonnie; Gwebu, Nomonde; Felix, SandraIndigenous African Music requires spatial interventions to counter its erasure in a South African education system that has historically prioritised Western Art Music. This research analyses the relationship between African musical pedagogy and architecture. It aims to address the erasure of musical knowledge through an architectural design that evokes regeneration in an urban setting. Using Pallasmaa’s theory of phenomenology as a guiding focus, this research contextualises African music and how it manifests architecturally. The haptic and embodied architectural experiences defined by phenomenology are inherent within African music. By focusing on the musical bow instruments at the centre of many tribes across Southern Africa, the intrinsic qualities of these instruments are translated and abstracted to form an embodied architectural design intervention embued with an African musical identity. This research argues that phenomenological architectural design methodologies can regenerate, preserve and sustain indigenous musical knowledge(s) for future generations.
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