Presentation and outcomes of children admitted with organophosphate and carbamate poisoning at Rahima Moosa mother and child hospital
| dc.contributor.author | Dlamini, Sibongile | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | De Maayer, Tim | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-11-18T08:16:02Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-11-18T08:16:02Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023 | |
| dc.description | A research report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in the branch of Paediatrics to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, . Johannesburg 2023 | |
| dc.description.abstract | BACKGROUND: Children are a vulnerable population for organophosphate and carbamate poisoning (OP/CBM). The World Health Organization reports mortality up to 10%. These agents then cause muscarinic, nicotinic and central nervous system collapse. OBJECTIVES: To describe the demographics and clinical features of OP/CBM poisoning, document the treatment given and the response thereof. Observe the acetylcholinesterase levels in relation to clinical features and assess outcomes of the participants. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional record review of patients (<14 years) presenting with OP/CBM poisoning at Rahima Moosa Mother and Child Hospital (RMMCH) from the 1st of February 2016 to the 31st of March 2018. Demographics, poisoning circumstances, clinical features, investigations, management and outcomes were analysed. RESULTS: Over the two-year period, 28 participants were included in the study. Gender distribution was equal, and the median age was 31,5 months (Interquartile range [IQR]: 17.5-32.0). Majority was due to accidental poisoning (85%). On arrival to RMMCH, 42.9% were unconscious, displaying mostly Nicotinic (85.7%) vs Muscarinic (71.4%) symptoms. All the participants received Atropine as part of their initial treatment. Participants that had poor outcomes (i.e., demised, n=6/28, 4.7%) were more likely to require inotropes (p=0.02), suffer seizures (p=0.003) and have metabolic acidosis (p=0.02). CONCLUSION: OP/CBM poisoning can have devastating outcomes. Improvement on trade, storage and legislation of these agents is of importance. Research on long-term effects of poisoning would be beneficial. | |
| dc.description.submitter | MM2024 | |
| dc.faculty | Faculty of Health Sciences | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Dlamini, Sibongile. (2023). Presentation and outcomes of children admitted with organophosphate and carbamate poisoning at Rahima Moosa mother and child hospital[Master’s dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg]. WireDSpace. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/42629 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10539/42629 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.publisher | University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg | |
| dc.rights | © 2023 University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. | |
| dc.rights.holder | University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg | |
| dc.school | School of Clinical Medicine | |
| dc.subject | Organophosphate | |
| dc.subject | Carbamate | |
| dc.subject | Intoxication | |
| dc.subject | Acetylcholinestrase | |
| dc.subject | UCTD | |
| dc.subject.other | SDG-3: Good health and well-being | |
| dc.title | Presentation and outcomes of children admitted with organophosphate and carbamate poisoning at Rahima Moosa mother and child hospital | |
| dc.type | Dissertation |