Business Models for Next-generation Communication Networks and Mobile Operators in Africa

Abstract

This thesis uses an exploratory, sequential, mixed-methods research approach to: (1) identify and investigate the factors that limit existing business models for mobile network operators (MNOs) in facilitating next-generation communication networks (NGCNs); (2) develop a conceptual business model framework for NGCNs by addressing the shortcomings of existing business models and theoretical concepts in the strategic management and technological innovation literatures; and (3) evaluate the proposed conceptual business model framework for improving the business viability of MNOs. The study was conducted in four successive phases. Phases 1, 2 and 3 achieved the preceding three research aims. Phase 4 presented and interpreted the research findings. This study linked three main concepts in developing the business model framework: 5G network technologies, mobile network operators and theoretical concepts of management science. For the qualitative part of the study, semi-structured interviews were conducted using a case study approach and snowball sampling. Interview participants included top executives and senior managers from established mobile operators in Africa. The qualitative data analysis was conducted using reflexive thematic analysis and was implemented using the MAXQDA 24 software. The emerging themes and sub-themes as well as the proposed research prepositions were used in developing a conceptual framework and associated research hypotheses. The conceptual framework was quantitatively surveyed among employees of mobile operators in Africa that have commercialised 5G network services. Quantitative data analysis was performed using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) and implemented using SPSS and SmartPLS software. Based on the quantitative findings, four of the six research hypotheses formulated were significant and clearly supported, while two were insignificant and therefore rejected. The main contribution of this thesis is the development of a business model framework for African MNOs deploying 5G and beyond networks. Theoretically, the study contributes by designing and examining business models for 5G networks and MNOs in Africa. Methodologically, the study contributes by combining inductive and deductive approaches in theory development, reflexive thematic analysis, PLS-SEM, and the use of MAXQDA24, SPSS and SmartPLS software in a single study. Empirically, the study contributes by highlighting practical implications and recommendations for practitioners, regulators, policy makers, and researchers.