Influence of copper on the corrosion and mechanical properties of Grade 4 titanium for biomedical applications
| dc.contributor.author | Hadebe, Nomsombuluko Dayanda Elizabeth | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Cornish, Lesley | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Chown, Lesley H. | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Smit, Melanie | |
| dc.contributor.supervisor | Mwamba, Alain | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2024-10-18T15:12:45Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2024-10-18T15:12:45Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2022-12 | |
| dc.description | A research report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science, to the Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2022. | |
| dc.description.abstract | This study assessed the effect of Ti2Cu and its proportions on the corrosion resistance, and compared the results to Grade 4 commercially pure titanium. The Thermo-Calc program with the TTTI3 (Ti-alloy) database was used to predict the phases. Materials Studio software was used to model the crystal structures and XRD patterns of the phases of Ti-Cu alloys. Ti-Cu samples with 0, 5, 15, 25, 33, 40, 47 and 50 wt % Cu were produced. Composition, microstructures, phases, hardness and corrosion resistance were studied in the as-cast and annealed conditions (750° and 900°C water quenched). The CP Ti samples comprised basket-weave acicular microstructures. The Ti-5Cu samples comprised lamellar (αTi) and Ti2Cu phases. The Ti-15Cu, Ti-25Cu and Ti-33Cu alloys comprised (αTi) dendrites and sparse eutectic of Ti2Cu and (αTi). The ((βTi) dendrites decomposed to (αTi) and Ti2Cu, and could not be retained due to insufficient fast quenching. The Ti-40Cu and Ti-47Cu samples had minor titanium oxide dendrites which solidified first and then Ti2Cu nucleated on them and grew as dendrites, surrounded by the Ti2Cu + TiCu eutectic. In the Ti-50Cu sample, TiCu was the true primary phase and grew as needles, and was subsequently surrounded by a coarse TiCu + Ti2Cu eutectic. No Ti3Cu phase was observed. The microstructures of the as-cast alloys agreed with the Cu-Ti phase diagram of Ansara et al. (2021) and Dyal Ukabhai et al. (2022) with the congruent formation of Ti2Cu, as well as no Ti3Cu. The addition of copper to titanium increased the hardness, while annealing decreased the hardness of the Ti-Cu alloys. Addition of copper above 5 wt % Cu and annealing decreased the corrosion resistance of the samples, but since copper ions in liquid solutions promote the antimicrobial activity, some corrosion is necessary to allow the copper ions to be available. The corrosion tests showed that the corrosion rates obtained were very low, below 0.13 mm/y, which is an acceptable corrosion rate for biomaterial applications. Ti-5Cu showed the best corrosion resistance. | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Strong Materials and the School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering at the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | The Department of Science and Innovation (DSI) | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Advanced Metals Initiative (AMI) | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Ferrous Metals Development Network (FMDN) | |
| dc.description.sponsorship | Mintek | |
| dc.description.submitter | MM2024 | |
| dc.faculty | Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment | |
| dc.identifier | 0000-0002-4175-5675 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Hadebe, Nomsombuluko Dayanda Elizabeth. (2022). Influence of copper on the corrosion and mechanical properties of Grade 4 titanium for biomedical applications. [Master's dissertation, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg]. https://hdl.handle.net/10539/41700 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10539/41700 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | |
| dc.publisher | University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg | |
| dc.rights | ©2022 University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. All rights reserved. The copyright in this work vests in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. No part of this work may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. | |
| dc.rights.holder | University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg | |
| dc.school | School of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering | |
| dc.subject | Corrosion resistance | |
| dc.subject | Grade 4 commercially pure titanium | |
| dc.subject | Thermo-Calc program | |
| dc.subject | TTTI3 (Ti-alloy) database | |
| dc.subject | UCTD | |
| dc.subject.other | SDG-11: Sustainable cities and communities | |
| dc.title | Influence of copper on the corrosion and mechanical properties of Grade 4 titanium for biomedical applications | |
| dc.type | Dissertation |