Operational performance, workforce dynamics, and strategic implications for pressure piping fabrication in the South African construction industry

Abstract

This research explores the impact of automated welding technologies on operational performance, workforce dynamics, and financial viability within a mid-sized South African construction company focused on high-pressure piping fabrication. The study aims to determine whether adopting automation can improve efficiency, enhance weld quality, address workforce challenges, and deliver favourable financial returns. A mixed-methods approach was employed, incorporating qualitative interviews with management and a quantitative survey of employees alongside archival data and supplier claims. The research reveals that automation significantly reduces fabrication times (up to 73.7% for larger pipe diameters), improves weld quality by lowering failure rates to below 1%, and offers financial feasibility with a two- year payback period under optimal workload conditions. Contrary to initial concerns, the study found minimal workforce resistance, particularly among blue- collar workers, provided upskilling opportunities are available. Automation is positioned to increase capacity rather than reduce jobs, aligning with South Africa’s socio-economic need to maintain and grow skilled employment. The findings emphasise the importance of a localised approach to automation adoption, considering South Africa’s unique challenges, such as slower technology uptake and traditional investment mindsets. Recommendations include developing tools for real-time workload assessment, ensuring workforce involvement through tailored training, and exploring automation beyond welding to enhance overall fabrication efficiency. This study provides insights for industry stakeholders, contributing to the discourse on automation in construction and offering a case study on balancing technological advancement with socio-economic realities.