Perceptions of Carbon Capture and Storage as a CO2 emissions reduction technology in South Africa

Abstract

This research aimed to establish the perceptions of role-players in South Africa of the Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) technology. The CCS technology aims to capture CO2 emissions and prevent them from entering the atmosphere. The technology was mandated by Cabinet in 2012. The two role-players chosen for this study are the CO2 emitting Industry and Policy Influencers. The introduction of a new technology presents challenges, especially in its full adoption by those intended to use it. CCS was identified by government as a CO2 reduction technology, but has not been enforced on industry, it has merely been suggested as one of the climate change mitigation options, according to the National Development Plan 2030. Technology alone is not always a factor in its adoption, concerns of regulation, investment, safety and environment always arise. It is therefore of interest to ascertain if the mentioned role-players have the same or a differing understanding and regard for CCS. An aligned perspective is necessary so that each role-player may know its individual contribution to CCS development in South Africa.

The study followed a quantitative approach using an electronic platform to reach respondents. The respondents received identical statements and were only differentiated by their sector of employment. The results were analysed using the Fisher’s exact test, suitable for small samples. Statistical significance was determined using p values as evidence against the null hypothesis. Key findings include a sizeable portion of respondents who neither agreed nor disagreed with posed statements. The role-player with the most overall neutral responses was Industry. Policy Influencers seemed to be more confident of their responses. The role-players produced more similar than differing responses. Industry respondents showed a noticeable gap (neutral) in the general knowledge of the CCS technology, compared to the policy influencers’ confidence in the general knowledge of the technology. Both industry and policy influencer are convinced that regulation and cost are potential barriers to the development of the technology in South Africa. Both industry and industry showed neutrality in the notion that CCS will lead to unintended consequences. The key message is that further stakeholder engagement is required between the two role-players, as both the Industry and Policy Influencers are in agreement of what could impede the development of CCS in South Africa