Glioma histology at charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg academic hospital, a five year retrospective study
Date
2024
Authors
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg
Abstract
The epidemiology of gliomas has been described thoroughly by developed countries worldwide but information regarding gliomas is limited in developing countries including in our local setting in South Africa. This study will be describing glioma histology and the demographics of patients with gliomas for patients diagnosed at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Academic Hospital (CMJAH) situated in Johannesburg South Africa.
The records of 44 patients ages between 12 and 70 years with histologically confirmed glioma from 2015 to 2919 was reviewed and our findings are as follows; In our sector we see more Black population than White, Coloured and Asians combined. Despite that literature commonly report gliomas to be more prevalent in males than females, we found females to be more prevalent than males (ratio 1,3:1) in our study group with males only showing prevalence over females with the advanced age group of 60 to 70 years.
Our mean age of glioma diagnosis is younger (43years) than the documented age group and we found the mean age to be even younger with patients confirmed HIV (38 years). The study demonstrated that females were diagnosed at early average age of 40 year and males average age of 47 years. In keeping with literature glioblastoma is the most common glioma in our study population. We also found gliomas to be more prevalent supratentorial in the temporal lobe than infratentorial and other lobes respectively in our study population. Patients with higher grade gliomas presented with varied number of symptoms than lower
grade.
With regard to biopsy procedures, most of our cases had undergone minimal invasive stereotactic biopsy and about seventy percent of the frozen biopsy cases were of patients who had minimal invasive stereotactic biopsy and only thirty percent had open biopsy. The study found that glioma size increased with increase in glioma grade and patients who are HIV positive. There was no significant relationship found between patients’ age groups and glioma size.
We found that immunochemistry is widely done , but molecular testing lacking behind with testing only started late 2017 and improving annually. For patients with HIV it was found that grade III gliomas are the most prevalent. Glioma grade increase with increase in age group and in patients wo are confirmed HIV positive. A formal national registry for gliomas will help to determine disease demographics, distribution, frequencies and associations for early detection and patients management strategies.
Description
A research report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Medicine in Neurosurgery to the Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2024
Keywords
Epidemiology, Gliomas, South Africa, UCTD
Citation
Mohale, Diapo Gerald. (2024). Glioma histology at charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg academic hospital, a five year retrospective study [Master’s dissertation University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg]. WireDSpace.https://hdl.handle.net/10539/42328