Thermal conversion of waste-to-energy by incineration in Johannesburg

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dc.contributor.authorSithole, Nkumbulo
dc.date.accessioned2023-11-30T11:09:57Z
dc.date.available2023-11-30T11:09:57Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.descriptionA research report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Management in Energy Leadership to the Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management, Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2022
dc.description.abstractThe City of Johannesburg's population growth and economic activity have resulted in increased amounts of generated municipal solid waste (MSW); concerns developed about landfill airspace depletion. Environmental concerns subsist as a landfilling activity often create greenhouse gases, air pollution and water contamination, therefore, contributing to climate change. Conversely, the City requires electricity to keep its economic activity functional, while providing its citizens with electricity. This case study examined the opportunities and impediments of waste-to-energy (WtE) implementation in the City of Johannesburg. Focus was on thermal conversion by mass-burn incineration, identifying the function of decision-making frameworks in supporting the integrated solid waste management leading to development and WtE implementation. The study established that WtE will stimulate the circular economy in the City of Johannesburg, therefore, contributing to environmental preservation, waste minimisation, and additional electricity capacity for the City. To align with the legislated decision framework, the waste hierarchy, the WtE facility should incorporate the material recovery facility (MRF). The waste hierarchy and other legislated processes, such as the Municipal Finance Management Act (MFMA) and the public-private partnership (PPP) Framework, are inadequate to support WtE development. The research recommends developing a local government-based decision-making framework by the City of Johannesburg—service delivery focused; this would complement existing legislation. A multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) model is suggested. The increase in grid tariffs, cost-reflective gate fees, and introducing landfill tax could contribute to the commercial viability of WtE. The identified barriers are a lack of education and awareness, and improper stakeholder engagement with WtE. Findings indicate a lack of expedited legislation processes tailor-made for projects, such as WtE and five-year political terms, hampering service delivery plans. Findings also identified access to waste by independent power producers Thermal conversion of waste-to-energy by incineration in Johannesburg iii (IPPs) and the City of Johannesburg’s financial viability as barriers. These should be focused on to realise WtE implementation.
dc.description.librarianTL (2023)
dc.description.sponsorshipTransnet
dc.facultyFaculty of Commerce, Law and Management
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10539/37256
dc.language.isoen
dc.rights.holderUniversity of the Witswatersrand, Johannesburg
dc.schoolWits Business School
dc.subjectCity of Johannesburg
dc.subjectWaste-to-energy
dc.subjectCircular economy
dc.subjectUCTD
dc.subject.otherSDG-13: Climate action
dc.titleThermal conversion of waste-to-energy by incineration in Johannesburg
dc.typeDissertation
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