Intention to adopt solar energy technology by township small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs) in South Africa

Abstract

The South African township small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs) are facing a significant challenge in achieving their net zero ambitions due to a prolonged and worsening electricity supply shortfall. This crisis has raised concerns about the adequacy of electricity access and alternative energy provision for township enterprises. A study was conducted to examine the intention to adopt solar energy technology by SMMEs, identifying the determinants of acceptance, evaluating their perceptions of RE electricity's potential, and proposing a model for solar energy technology acceptance. The study used an extended Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) to conduct a quantitative research design, with an online cross-sectional survey conducted across 72 township SMMEs in South Africa. The results of the study indicated that perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and perceived behavioural control were key factors influencing the intention to adopt solar energy technology among township SMMEs. Although a connection between trust in stakeholders and adoption intention was demonstrated, it was nonetheless found to have an insignificant direct impact. The study provides insights into the methodological challenges associated with quantitative exploration of technology adoption and, particularly, where they relate to measurement aspects. By investigating the intention to adopt solar energy technology, the study reaffirms the relevance and importance of technology adoption theories for illuminating relationships that identify the impact of technological innovations on society. Insights regarding the motivational and contextual factors that foster the uptake of solar energy technology by SMMEs can prove invaluable to policymakers and practitioners in the design of programmes to ensure a just energy transition.