The role of Special Economic Zones in facilitating sustainable urban development – A case study of the Tshwane Automotive Special Economic Zone

Abstract

This qualitative case study examines the role of special economic zones in facilitating sustainable urban development, using the Tshwane Automotive Special Economic Zone as a case study. The research explores the nature and functions of special economic zones and investigates the relationship between special economic zones and cities as well as whether this relationship facilitates sustainable urban development. Lastly, the research analyses the related policy and governance gaps as well as opportunities for special economic zones to facilitate sustainable urban development. As part of the research study, data was collected from primary and secondary sources. The results reveal that special economic zones like the Tshwane Automotive Special Economic Zone have the potential to contribute towards economic growth, job creation, and spatial transformation. Additionally, flexible governance arrangements can promote positive links between the special economic zone and host city. However, there are challenges such as a disconnect between special economic zone policies and urban development frameworks, the disproportionate distribution of benefits and resource constraints. The study concludes that special economic zones can play a part in facilitating sustainable urban development subject to addressing policy and governance gaps as well as capacity constraints. The research recommends policy reform to the special economic zones legislative framework landscape to incorporate principles of sustainable urban development and intergovernmental partnerships. This research contributes to understanding the complex relationship between special economic zones and sustainable urban development by offering insights for policymakers and urban planners.