A Prognosis of the Application of Ackoff’s Idealised Redesign Framework for Invoking a Just Energy Transition in South Africa

Abstract

This study was completed as a field case study with an immediate impact and practical implications for the production and consumption of energy in South Africa. The researcher undertook a prognosis of the application of Ackoff’s Idealised Redesign and Interactive Planning methodology to invoke a Just Energy Transition in South Africa. Research Question: The study answered the question whether there are any benefits to the planners of the South African energy system if the implementation of the Just Energy Transition were to be pursued with the help of the Idealised Redesign and Interactive Planning process. Scope of the Study: The study was confined to the “mess formulation” component of Russel Ackoff’s Idealised Redesign process. Methodology: The study comprises (a) a theoretical phase, which addressed the first research question, being an examination of how the South African energy system is configured and operates; and (b) an empirical phase, which addresses remaining research questions. The theoretical phase of the study was completed through a review of internet documents; and the empirical phase was completed through interviews with five expert respondents, where the Delphi method of inquiry was followed. Findings: South Africa’s energy planners face not only technical and financial challenges but also profound social issues central to the Just Energy Transition. These deeper concerns, linked to inclusivity, identity, and development, are often overlooked due to the lack of a suitable problem-solving framework. The study identifies Idealised Redesign as crucial for clarifying the real challenges, forming a shared vision, and preventing solutions that create new problems. It also shows that while technical and financial complexities are acknowledged, the social complexity driven by deep-rooted conflict is underestimated. The transition is therefore part of a broader restructuring of South Africa’s social system and its development trajectory. Overall, the study argues for a holistic, participatory, long-term planning approach to ensure a genuinely Just Energy Transition.