Wits Business School (ETDs)

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An outcomes evaluation of the ‘differentiated care’ antiretroviral therapy delivery in South African urban township
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2022) Tebeila, Tebogo
With the high prevalence and massive expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART), alternative ART delivery models are needed in scaling up, delivering ART, and maintaining high-quality services to people living with HIV. Various differentiated care ART delivery models were implemented in health facilities across South Africa, notable results from the literature suggest that differentiated care ART delivery models were piloted and implemented at scale, nevertheless, there is little evidence on the scale-up of these models on patients’ outcomes in South African urban townships. Ultimately, the research seeks to assess the outcomes of the differentiated care ART delivery models in a South African urban township called Tembisa in the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality. The research is a quantitative, retrospective cohort analysis. Logistic regression and Chi- square tests were used to determine rates of retention and factors associated with loss to follow-up. Behavioural theories were used to interpret the research findings. The research findings revealed that rates of retention were at 91.8 per cent and loss to follow-up was at 8.2 per cent. Furthermore, health facility, age at enrollment and duration on ART were associated with the probability of being lost to follow-up, nonetheless, there was no difference in sex and no association with modality. The finding from the study confirms that alternative ART care models are important in scaling up and delivering ART within an urban township setting, although there was poor viral load specimen collection at the scheduled clinic appointment good rates of retention in care and viral load suppression were achieved. Overall, the implementation of the intervention in a similar setting should be customized to patients aged between 18-24 years or younger, and those with a duration on ART of fewer than 24 months at enrollment differentiated care ART delivery models to reduce the probability of being lost to follow up after enrollment
Determinants of Growth and Profitability of the Aviation Industry
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Sepeng, Reabetswe Tiisetso; Odei-Mensah, Jones
Despite the recent decrease in growth rates, there has been a significant growth in the airline industry over the years which is evident in the increase in the number of passengers and networks before the Covid-19 pandemic, thus making the growth attributable to the increase in people’s propensity to fly. In this study, the performance of airline industries is measured in terms of the growth rate and the profitability for each region within emerging markets, namely: Africa, Asia-Pacific, Middle East, Latin America, North America and Europe. Due to a constraint in data availability, the duration of interest is between 2009 and 2017, thus excluding the effects of the covid-19 pandemic which took place in 2020. The problem this study addresses is the discrepancy identified between the growth statement made in the global context and what has been observed in emerging markets. This is done by assessing how some of the determinants that have been reported in the literature to fuel growth and profitability, affect airline companies and by investigating the relationship between the profitability and growth of airline companies in the context of emerging markets. Three different methods were used to achieve the research objectives of this study, namely: correlation, Granger causality and regression analysis. In response to the first research question, it was found that oil price fluctuations, GDP, passenger yield, size and liquidity have an effect on the growth of airline companies in emerging markets while only liquidity and fleet size to a smaller extent, have an effect on the profitability thereof. In response to the second research question, it was found that there is no significant relationship between the growth and profitability of airline companies in emerging markets. The recommendations made in the study include using a dynamic panel approach for any further research in order to increase the robustness of the study and to reduce any issues associated with endogeneity. In terms of policy and/or management recommendations, depending on the management strategy in place, the determinants should be prioritizedbased on whether the chosen business model is in pursuit of growth or profitability since the study has shown the relationship between these to be insignificant for airline companies in emerging markets
Management Practices for Digital Influencer Marketing
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2021) Kajee, Ahmed; Beder, Laurence
This research report highlights the growth of Digital Influencer marketing on social media, and how consumers interaction and engagement with brands are changing as a result. Through qualitative research with 17 Digital Influencer experts and practitioners in South Africa from various marketing disciplines, this study sheds light on best practices for this emerging marketing field. In South Africa, consumer attention and media consumption are increasingly becoming digitally centric, and the use of online channels for marketing continues to grow exponentially. This has implications for brand building, advertising, and marketing management. This research reports on how the traditional marketing and consumer behaviour paradigms have shifted from uni-directional static advertising, towards bi-directional digital engagement using Digital Influencer Marketing (DIM). As a growing field, the research found that although DIM as a marketing tactic is increasingly effective in meeting business objectives in modern day digital marketing environments, there is a lack of knowledge and shared best practices amongst marketing practitioners. The research finds that despite DIM growing and being strategically important in all the marketing environments that have been researched, most organisations are conducting DIM on a “best-effort” basis with limited cross functional co-ordination or strategic planning. Due to a lack of knowledge about the field, there is also relatively little action being taken by organisations to meet the growing demand by putting in place the requisite skills and apabilities to better manage influencer marketing initiatives. Aspects highlighted in this research such as Influencer Performance, Payment, Brand Safety, Campaign Management, Creative Control, Organisational Capabilities, and Risks associated with DIM are discussed and reported on, providing marketing practitioners with practical insights into this emerging marketing field. A key recommendation emanating out of this research is that DIM is not the responsibility of any specific marketing function, for it to be successful, cross-functional expertise, integration, and management is required
Public Debt and Government Guarantees
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Same, Sinethemba; Alovokpinhou, Sedjro Aaron
The focus of this research paper is to examine the relationship between public debt and government guarantees. The analysis considers various macroeconomic indicators, including short-term and long-term interest rates, budget deficits and real GDP growth rate, as control variables. The study predominantly concentrates on 16 European countries, with South Africa being the only African country in consideration. The study employed Generalized Methods of Moments (GMM) which is a Dynamic Panel Data technique, and Fixed Effect in establishing this relationship. The study found a positive association between public debt and government guarantees, short-term real interest rate, and its lag as estimators using the Fixed Effect model. However, budget deficit, real GDP growth, and long-term interest rates exhibit a negative and significant relationship

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