Perceived work-life balance for air traffic control shift workers in South African aviation.

Abstract

This study investigates what work-life balance means in South Africa among shift workers in the aviation industry. The work environment of Air Traffic Controllers (ATCs) presents specific challenges that affect work-life balance. These include shift work, mental demands and the stressful nature of the job. The study examines the relationship between shift work and work-life balance. Additionally, it reveals how shift work affects satisfaction, work conflict and impacts on stress. Qualitative research method was used to understand work-life balance for shift working ATCs. A case study method was used and semi structured interviews were conducted with ATCs from Air Traffic and Navigation Services (ATNS) at OR Tambo Airport. The collected data was analysed using common themes among participants. The results indicate that ATCs had challenges in adapting to a sequence of an afternoon shift followed by a morning shift or a night shift causing poor sleep. ATCs reported experiencing better work-life balance during the week due to flexibility of time. Shift work hours enabled them to engage in activities such as running errands, studying and hobbies. However, during weekends and holidays work conflict occurred. ATCs have to work when they would rather spend time on family activities such as attending funerals and other family gatherings. Shift work interrupts routine that prevents ATCs from living healthier lifestyles as well as contributing to illness and stress. Those participants who utilised support from live-in helpers experienced better worklife balance. Mothers with limited support experienced work-life conflict and increased stress resulting from family responsibilities. Participants experienced satisfaction, although the nature of the job is stressful and challenging. Organisations need to manage work-life balance by eliminating challenges in shift schedules and supporting healthy lifestyles of employees. Women’s needs should be accommodated by employers through support from their managers, policies and programs. Employees and employers need to support practices that improve work-life balance and reduce work-life conflict.