Assessing the policies for legalising artisanal and small-scale mining in south africa

Abstract

This research examines the regulatory framework of artisanal and small-scale mining in South Africa, discussing issues around whether the current policies are up to the challenge of managing the realities and expectations of artisanal and small-scale miners. The research was conducted through a survey of three focus groups across four areas in South Africa using structured questionnaires and interviews. Data collection involved contacting individuals at the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy, Mine Health and Safety Council, and Mining Qualifications Authority, as well as Artisanal and Small-Scale Miners and mine representatives, and conducting interviews at their offices, homes, or workplaces based on their preferences. Data collected from the three focus groups reveal a disconnect between the goals of the policies and how the artisanal and small miners’ communities experience them, emphasising the need for effective policy implementation, comprehensive education initiatives, and avoidance of unrealistic expectations. Key recommendations of the research include the adoption of digital technologies for monitoring, fostering cooperative models, and encouraging international collaboration between local and foreign operators. It underscores the importance of creating and applying inclusive, equitable and sustainable policies to improve the socio-economic and environmental conditions of artisanal and small-scale miners in South Africa.