Psychosocial Factors and Coping Narratives of Unemployed South Africans during the Covid-19 pandemic

Abstract

This research investigates the relationship between psychosocial factors and coping narratives of unemployed South Africans during the COVID-19 pandemic. Historically, South Africa has a high unemployment rate, with some studies indicating a pre-pandemic rate of thirty percent (Espi-Sanchis et al., 2021; Hlayisi, 2022). Recent research shows that COVID-19's impact extends beyond physical health, affecting mental well-being (Posel et al., 2021) This research study explores the interplay between psychosocial factors and coping strategies among the unemployed, using Lazarus and Folkman's Transactional Model of Stress and Coping theory and the Biopsychosocial-Spiritual Model as a framework. In order to gain a deeper understanding, the researcher conducted Socratic questioning with eight participants from diverse backgrounds. The interviews were transcribed, and a Thematic Analysis was used to identify relevant themes. Participants initially described the shock of stable employment transforming into uncertainty. These abrupt shifts triggered cognitive appraisals, shaping emotional responses. Financial strain emerged as a significant stressor, impacting self-esteem and overall well-being. The findings support that lockdown measures, crucial for public health, led to mental health challenges. Coping strategies included engaging in personal activities, adapting to change, seeking social and emotional support, and relying on faith and prayer. These strategies helped participants navigate uncertainties.