Exploring Descriptions of Occupational Experiences among People Living with Borderline Personality Disorder: An Interpretive Enquiry

Abstract

Background Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a diagnosis characterised by a pervasive pattern of unstable interpersonal relationships, self-image, identity, affective functioning, and marked impulsivity. Engagement in occupations and behavioural patterns considered undesirable and/or harmful is a key characteristic associated with people diagnosed with BPD, often resulting in stigmatisation. However, engagement in these occupations and behaviours is motivated by attempts to mitigate the impact of symptomology and cope with everyday life. This study explored how people diagnosed with BPD experience meaning and purpose in their everyday occupational engagement. Methods This study used a descriptive qualitative design consisting of a semi-structured interview with thirteen participants diagnosed with BPD in an inpatient private psychiatric hospital in Gauteng, South Africa. Data was analysed and inductively coded using the ATLAS.ti 24 software. Findings Findings from this study indicate that participants' occupational experiences, especially concerning meaning and purpose, are largely influenced by the impact of their symptomology. The purpose of engagement in occupations was motivated by the mitigation of the challenging and harmful impact of BPD symptomology. Participants identified creativity as an important tool for creating and experiencing meaning in their lives. Implications Findings from this study raise important questions regarding the understanding and categorisation of occupations. Occupational therapists are encouraged to collaborate with patients and clients diagnosed with BPD through the compassionate understanding of why and how they engage in chosen occupations to find ways in which occupational engagement can positively contribute to creating meaningful lives xiii for this population. Findings from this study reflect on the role of occupational therapists in fighting the stigma associated with BPD through increased understanding of their occupational experiences