Perceptions of Patients with Major Thoracic Trauma on Their Recovery After Injury: A Qualitative Study

Abstract

Background and Purpose: In South Africa, there is a high incidence of trauma. Blunt or penetrating forces to the thoracic wall are known mechanisms of injury. Existing evidence shows that the quality of life for some survivors of major thoracic trauma remains impaired by six months after hospital discharge. The purpose was to gain insight on the perceptions of patients with major thoracic trauma on their recovery after injury. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted using a transcendental phenomenology approach. Adult patients with major thoracic trauma who were admitted to and managed at Netcare Alberton hospital and received physiotherapy treatment from Plani, Laidler, Fleishman, Sklaar and Associates physiotherapy practice, and were discharged home, were eligible for participation. Individual participant interviews (in-person or online) were conducted using a semi-structured interview guide. Thematic content analysis was done using a deductive approach to analysis. Results: A total of fourteen interviews were conducted. The six predetermined themes, based on the questions included in the semi-structured interview guide, were a) perceptions of physical recovery, b) perceptions of emotional health and cognitive function, c) perceptions about participation in family and society, d) perceptions about ability to return to work, e) perceptions about the role of physiotherapy in the journey to recovery, and f) reflection on recovery journey. Conclusion: Survivors of major thoracic trauma perceived themselves to have acceptable recovery in the six months after hospital discharge; however, some reported limitations in physical recovery due to pain, discomfort and shortness of breath with activity, and lack of stamina; feelings of anxiety; limited integration into family and society and suboptimal return to employment. Physiotherapists are well-placed as members of the trauma healthcare team to assist in the long-term recovery of these patients.