What Are B-jets and What Can We Do With Them? A beauty-ful exploration of b-jets

Abstract

In the Standard Model of particle physics, the bottom quark is one of the six quarks. It belongs to the third generation of quarks, alongside the top quark. The b-quark has a charge of - 1/3 of the elementary charge, making it negatively charged, and a mass of 4.2 GeV significantly greater than the up and down quarks, but smaller than that of the top quark. At the LHC, two protons are accelerated close to the speed of light in a head-on collision and as a result there are final states with thousands of hadrons. This means that there are jets everywhere. Jets are not fundamental objects observed in the final state but are a cone-like structure constructed to help deal with the large number of hadrons in final states. Jets containing b-hadrons are known as b-jets. The reason that final states with b-jets are of interest is because they result in much less ambiguous collider signatures which can assist in reducing the background significantly. The results presented are from various studies done using b-jets. We started off with a study of bottom-quark-philic semi-visible jets, followed by a measurement of b-jet cross-section as a function of missing transverse momentum using data collected by the ATLAS detector in Run 2 of the LHC and lastly two Performance Studies done of heavy-flavour tagging in ALICE and ATLAS experiment at the LHC.