4. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - Faculties submissions
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Item Intimacy, sadness-as-courage and post-apartheid disillusionment in Nhlanhla P. Maake’s Mangolo a Nnake(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Mochechane, Khumo Sophia; Musila, Grace A.In this thesis, I analyse Nhlanhla P. Maake’s 1999 novella, Mangolo a Nnake. While Mangolo readily constitutes apartheid literature, I make a discussion around its prescient nature; that is to say, the ways in which it predicts post-apartheid neocolonialism and ‘ruined time’. The overarching subject matter being black female self-actualisation, I explore Professor Roger Coulibaly’s question, “What do African women need in order to write?”, making a case for the responses space, time and affective prompting. The broad subject of psychosocial support, female solidarity and female social capital is also discussed in line with the ways in which sadness sometimes births the courage to initiate and maintain self-actualisation. By way of close reading of the novella, I discuss various literary devices that are able to cultivate intimacy in a reader. The reader of an epistolary novel can be considered an ‘eavesdropper’, and I show the ways in which literary ‘eavesdropping’ makes way for simulation with a literary character to take place as abstract spectator – that is to say, as reader. I also discuss psychosocial support vis-a-vis female solidarity as an additional need for black women writers. These sometimes find expression by way of storytelling and humour. The latter two are explored in this thesis for their therapeutic and healing abilities. I also read Ntshebo’s disappointment and hurt as allegorical of the larger disappointment of the post-apartheid nation as a result of neocolonialism. A running trope throughout this thesis is the ways in which the concept of the ‘New Woman’ found place and proliferation under the apartheid regime.Item The impact of childhood trauma on intimacy: A literature review exploring Drama Therapy techniques for intimacy recovery in adult relationships.(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Magee, Kathryn; Thibedi, Linda (Mdena)This research paper explores how Drama Therapy techniques may be used for intimacy recovery in adult relationships in the context of childhood trauma. The immediate and long term consequences of childhood trauma are multifaceted and vary significantly. However, studies indicate that exposure to trauma during childhood adversely impacts brain development, which may disrupt other developmental processes as well as an individual’s capacity to form and maintain intimate relationships in adulthood. Intimacy is a vital element of relationships in that it provides a framework for communication and connection on various levels. Despite correlations between the two notions, research pertaining to the treatment of trauma with the intention of fostering intimacy is limited. Similarly, in the Drama Therapy field, there is little evidence indicating how the discipline could be adapted with the specific intention of fostering intimacy in relationships. Through an integrative literature review method, research pertaining to the impacts of childhood trauma, how childhood trauma influences intimacy, and predominant trauma treatment approaches and their effects, were explored. This informed an analysis of various Drama Therapy approaches, which may be useful in dealing with childhood trauma and fostering healthy relationships. From the literature examined, Drama Therapy may serve as a versatile tool for emotional regulation, narrative exploration, vulnerability and sharing, and transformation and empowerment, which all have the potential to foster intimacy in relationshipsItem The Moral and Legal Debates of Sexual Surrogacy Therapy in South Africa: Intimacy and Care(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-10) Khutsoane, Keabetswe Brooke; Schuhmann, Antjie; Brown, Julian; Hassim, ShireenThe decriminalisation of sex work in South Africa is a highly controversial issue that has caused a great deal of debate in recent years. This study presents a survey of the possibilities of legalising sexual surrogacy therapy as a therapeutic option for gender and sexual minorities, particularly for people living with disabilities and those who have undergone gender affirming surgery. It investigates the potential benefits and drawbacks of a legalised system and whether certain regulations should be implemented in order to protect those involved. A survey of how sexual surrogacy therapy as a therapeutic option is shaped in terms of South Africa’s legal and political frameworks while considering socio-political implications. The study reviews existing literature to demonstrate the need for a legal and ethical consideration of sexual surrogacy therapy in South Africa’s healthcare system to address sexual exclusion and health inequalities. To do this, I outline the value of sex and argue that sex is an essential and fundamental aspect of a flourishing human life. I then bring attention to the necessity for the socialisation and institutionalisation of sexual surrogacy therapy through a discussion on sexual justice; sexual autonomy; and the rights and sexual citizenship of gender and sexual minorities. While this is not a study on the legal status of sex work in South Africa, I perform a constitutional test of Section 9 and 10 of the South African Constitution, 1996 and the Sexual Offences and Related Matters: Act No. 32 of 2007 with reference to the Sexual Offences Act 23 of 1957, to determine the legal grounds and limitations of the current laws around sex work towards a discussion on the feasibility of sexual surrogacy therapy in contemporary South Africa’s healthcare system. Finally, I conclude that the transformation of social attitudes towards sex and sex work is necessary and important for ensuring due process for sexual justice in South Africa.