4. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - Faculties submissions
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Item The influence of children displaying characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) on the lives of working parents: a case of the Northern Cape Province (NC) South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Botha, Noluthando Daleen Elizabeth; Pretorius, EdmarieRaising children displaying characteristics of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) leads to various experiences for the working caregiver. The prevalence of ASD is globally estimated that one in every 160 children has ASD. The prevalence rate for ASD in Africa is not known. Based on qualitative research conducted with nine participants in the Northern Cape Province, South Africa, explores the experiences of working caregivers. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory underpins the study. Purposive sampling, a type of non-probability sampling was used to select the nine participants who participated in the study. Semi-structured interview schedule comprising of open-ended questions was used to collect the data. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The main findings from the study are that caregivers living and caring for a child with ASD characteristics are emotionally demanding and affect the quality of life and well-being of the working caregivers. Living and caring for a child with ASD characteristics influences and limits the social context of working caregivers. Living and caring for a child with ASD characteristics affects the work performance and career development of the working caregivers negatively. Working caregivers living and caring for a child with ASD characteristics need available, accessible, and affordable services to care for the child with ASD characteristics. Working caregivers living and caring for a child with ASD characteristics need continuous practical support and guidance in dealing with unforeseen and unknown circumstances they are confronted with. The main conclusion drawn from the study was that the working caregiver, as being the primary caregiver to the child displaying autism spectrum disorder can find themselves in distress if their support structure is not well established.Item The relationship between leadership style within an organisation and employee turnover within the South African banking industry(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Thusago, KegaugetsweThe research study was performed to determine what the relationship is between the authoritative and servant leadership style and employee turnover and what other factors influence employee turnover within organisations. Similar studies have been conducted on the topic which focused on the relationship between transactional, transformational and Laisse fair leadership style and their connection to employee turnover, however minimal studies have been conducted to understand the relationship between the authoritative and servant leadership style and employee turnover. Furthermore, most studies were performed prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and the introduction of the 4th industrial revolution which brought considerable amount of change to the way of work and the type of leadership styles employee would prefer. A qualitative research approach was selected, and a semi structured interview was be used to collect data from participants. A thematic analysis approach was used to analyse the data. The Hertzberg theory of motivation was selected to provide structure in the formulation of ideas about the topic and guidance on the study. Research findings suggest that there is a positive relationship between the authoritative leadership style and employee turnover as the leadership style results in low employee morale and counterproductive behaviour such as stress and frustration within employees whereas there is a negative relationship between the servant leadership style and employee turnover as the leadership style tends to have a positive impact on employees ,encourages iii inclusion in decision making and the growth and development of the employee. The findings further revealed that factors such as employee recognition and remuneration and a toxic work environment are other factors that would result in employee turnover within an organisation.Item Factors influencing employee retention in the South African manufacturing industry(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2022) Masangwana, Asanda; Venter, RobertThis research project was to look at the relationship between employee development, remuneration, workplace environment and employee retention. In South Africa, many younger workers are willing to change jobs and move on with their careers, and this could be exacerbated by the changing workplace environment. Therefore, it is important to investigate the relationship between employee development, remuneration, workplace environment and employee retention. The key research goals of this study were to see whether there was a link between employee development and retention, to see if there was a link between workplace environment and retention, and to see if there was a link between remuneration and employee retention. The quantitative research method was applied to achieve the research objectives of this study. The quantitative data used in this study was collected by means of an online survey and there were 187 research respondents who are employees in the manufacturing industry in South Africa. The data collected was analysed using SPSS Statistics 28. The study's findings indicate a favourable association between employee development and employee retention in South Africa's manufacturing industry. This result is statistically significant at a 5% level (p-value < 0.001). Further, in South Africa's manufacturing industry, there is also a positive correlation between the workplace environment and employee retention. This result is also statistically significant at a 5% level (p-value < 0.001). In addition, there is a positive relationship between remuneration and employee retention in the manufacturing sector in South Africa. However, this outcome lacks statistical significance at a 5% level (p-value = 0.372). The study recommends promotion of openness in terms information access and reward system for all employees, provision of career development opportunities, performance-based promotions, competitive bonuses and other incentives, and reward of outstanding performance of all employees.Item An examination of the treatment of fees received by directors for South African tax purposes(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Letlabe, ObedThe study is about the way non-executive directors are treated for tax purpose by SARS and its reasoning regarding the VAT and PAYE liability of resident and non-resident non-executive directors. This research then evaluates both statutory and common law to determine whether non-executive directors can be treated as independent contractors. The report further evaluates whether the SARS reasoning is consistent with international conventions and treaties. The research suggests that it was never the legislature’s intention to treat services rendered by office holders as ‘enterprise’ liable for VAT