4. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - Faculties submissions
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Item Realising the right to healthcare: the legislative frameworks pertaining to private health establishments and private healthcare funding models in South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Labuschagne-Kom, Lindsie; Mahery, Prinslean; Martin, BlakeThe Universal Declaration of Human Rights recognises access to healthcare as a fundamental human right and is guaranteed by the South African Constitution. An analysis of this right reveals that it comprises of two main components, namely financing and delivery of healthcare services. These are fulfilled by the government in the public sector and by private healthcare funders and private health establishments in the private sector. However, an analysis reveals that access to healthcare is substantively inequitable due to the fragmentation of the health system and unveils significant inefficiencies in the private sector that impeded realisation of this right. This dissertation examines the cause of this fragmentation and the inefficiencies within the private healthcare funders and private health establishments market. It investigates how these issues can be resolved to realise the right to healthcare. This study applied a qualitative desktop review of governmental policies, direct and incidental legislation, and multidisciplinary fields of academic reviews such as competition, healthcare, constitutional law and international policies to evaluate the effect of historical, contemporary and prospective policies and legislation, on access to healthcare. This analysis reveals that access to healthcare was historically manipulated to achieve political ideology through a legislative framework that provided the foundation for private funding models and private health establishments to flourish. This occurred at the expense of the public sector and embedded the fragmentation and inefficiencies in the health system. Notwithstanding the enactment of the Constitution, which envisioned a transformed and equal society, access to healthcare remains substantively inequitable. This is due to governmental failings to regulate these stakeholders. Given this state of affairs, the government intends to enact legislative reform through the National Health Insurance Bill to meet its constitutional mandate to realise the right to healthcare. An analysis of the Bill’s framework, however, reveals that it will have a cascading effect with the collapse of the private healthcare funders and private health establishment markets. This will ultimately cause a regression in access to healthcare and impede the practical realisation of this right. An investigation into alternative mechanisms to fulfil the right to healthcare reveals that incorporation and collaboration with private healthcare funders and private health establishments is a pragmatic alternative to the National Health Insurance Bill that will aid with the practical realisation and vindication of this right. These findings indicate the need for government to improve its stewardship of the health system and provide pragmatic solutions to reform the legislative and regulatory frameworks governing these stakeholders to resolve inefficiencies and to foster collaboration to fulfil the right to healthcare.Item Postmodernism, Postmodern marketing, and the consumption behaviours of Millennials and Generation Z in South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Mkhonto, Zonke Mbali; Saini, Yvonne KabeyaThere is an insufficient degree of research-related exploration and analysis in the postmodern marketing field or sphere in the context of consumer behaviours of the Generation Y (Millennials) and Generation Z in South Africa. Accordingly, this study explores the integration of and its application to postmodern marketing strategies, and also analyses the influences of these strategies on the consumption habits and behaviours of the Generation Y and Generation Z youth cohorts. In its focus on contributin towards the resolution of these research-related gaps, the study explored and analysed the application of postmodernism in respect of the principles or constructs of hyperreality, fragmentation, and reversals of production and consumption. These principles were then examined and integrated with postmodern marketing approaches such as the gamification, omnichannel, user-generated content, and experiential marketing strategies for broader understanding of the nature and impact of the identified consumption behaviours of the Millennials and Generation Z in South Africa. The methodology entailed a quantitative methodological approach since it is objective, systematic, more efficient and further amenable to testing of hypotheses. A self- administered online questionnaire designed by the researcher was utilised for data collection and as reference framework for statistical data analysis. The findings supported all the developed hypotheses, and further revealed, amongst others, that a positive and significant relationship between all constructs concerning the nature and impact of the identified consumption behaviours of the Millennials and Generation Z in South Africa. Notwithstanding these findings, the study supports and recommends further research (future studies) in the adoption and application of the omnichannel marketing strategy, which seemed to display the most dynamism in the context of correlation analysis and path modelling more than the other postmodern marketing constructs