4. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - Faculties submissions

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    Effect of Corporate Governance and Institutional Quality on Firm Performance and Economic Growth in Emerging and Developed Markets: A comparative analysis
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Natto, Dinah Milembe; Mokoaleli-Mokoteli, Thabang
    Purpose of the study The objective of the current study is to investigate the effects of corporate governance and institutional quality on firm performance and economic growth in emerging and developed markets. These sample countries were selected based on their significant role in their respective economic blocs and based on their unique economic and firm characteristic Research design The impact of corporate governance and institutional quality on firm performance was rigorously evaluated using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM), while controlling for key variables such as economic growth and other relevant factors. Major findings The study found that corporate governance compliance levels have improved significantly in emerging economies over the study period, with South Africa leading the sample countries. In addition, corporate governance has a significant positive correlation with all firm performance measures in all sample countries. Furthermore, corporate governance has a long-term relationship with ROE and Tobin’s Q in emerging market countries and not in developed countries. However, weak institutions reverse the benefits of a robust corporate governance framework, especially in emerging economies where institutional quality was found to be low. Lastly, the study revealed that over the study period, corporate governance was only found to have a long-term relationship with Tobin’s Qin India. Practical implications Policymakers in emerging and developed markets, the research provides insights into which aspects of corporate governance and institutional quality are most effective in promoting firm performance and economic growth. This can guide the design and implementation of regulations and reforms. Investors can use the findings to assess the risk and potential returns in different markets based on the strength of corporate governance and institutional frameworks. Strong governance and institutions may indicate lower risk and higher stability. Social implication Improved firm performance driven by good governance and strong institutions may lead to better wages and working conditions for employees, reducing income inequality and contributing to social stability. Originality While studies on corporate governance, institutional quality, and their impacts on firm performance and economic growth exist, the originality lies in the comparative analysis between emerging and developed markets. Furthermore, the research integrates the analysis of corporate governance and institutional quality, rather than examining them in isolation.
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    An investigation of the relationship between ICT infrastructure and economic growth of emerging market
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-02) Jiang, Jun Wen; Fasanya, Ismail
    The study examines the link between Information and Communication Technology, institutional quality, and economic growth in emerging markets over the period of 2000 to 2019, using the system Generalized Method of Moments. The connection between economic growth and technology lies on the framework of exogenous growth model. The following findings are discernible from the study. First, a substantial positive relationship exists between internet usage and economic growth, while a negative association between economic growth and fixed telephone users is evident. Second, a positive association between growth and innovation exist in emerging markets, whilst institutions reveal a negative association. These findings have a significant policy implication for policymakers to monitor innovation factors rather than institutional quality to bypass the digital divide. Consequently, policymakers should pay attention to the benefits of Information and Communication technology usage by means of reducing entries cost whilst improving network facilities transfers
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    Contagion between developed and emerging markets
    (2020) Bhagwandin, Asheen
    This study examines the existence of contagion effects between the developed global economy and the BRICS economies (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) through the examination of linkages between global risk shocks and these markets. A structural vector autoregressive model with block exogeneity restrictions was estimated using macroeconomic and financial data for the BRICS markets and United States data (specifically the Volatility Index and the Federal Fund Rate) as proxies for global risk, all of a monthly frequency. Our primary findings are that contagion effects are present in exchange rates (besides China), sovereign credit default swap spreads and equity prices of our emerging domestic markets as a response of these variables to global risk shocks, although the magnitude of these effects varies by variable type and country. We do not observe significant responses to global risk shocks in government bond yields (besides Russian bonds) and exchange rates, and are thus unable to conclude, from our analysis, whether contagion effects affect these emerging market variables.