Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management (ETDs)

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Investigating the role of the host community with regards to public participation when establishing a new mine in Lehurutshe, South Africa
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Nyarela, Mpho Nyiko; Cairns, Murray
This qualitative study delves into the critical role of the host community in the public participation process concerning the establishment of a new mine. The research examines the dynamics between the mining company and the community within the context of engagement protocols and regulatory requirements for public involvement. Using semi-structured interviews and document analysis, this study explores the perceptions, experiences, and expectations of the host community in relation to the mining company's public participation initiatives. A total number of ten participants were interviewed. Results from the study highlight significant gaps and shortcomings in the mining company's efforts to involve the host community. Responses per question were collated according to stakeholders who took part in the process to assess legitimacy, trust, and decision-making processes. The findings indicate a lack of transparency and legitimacy due to ineffective communication, and minimal efforts to incorporate community concerns and inputs into the decision-making procedures. Consequently, the absence of meaningful engagement has led to heightened tensions, mistrust, and a sense of disenfranchisement among community members. This study underscores the importance of legitimacy, trust, and inclusive public participation in the early stages of project development, emphasizing the need for mining companies to adhere to regulatory requirements and ethical practices in engaging with the host community. The findings suggest a re-evaluation of the approach to community engagement in the mining sector, advocating for proactive measures that prioritize mutual dialogue, respect for community perspectives, and the integration of local knowledge in decision-making processes. In conclusion, the research underscores the pivotal role of the host community in the establishment of a new mine and calls for a fundamental shift towards more robust, legitimate, and inclusive practices that genuinely incorporate community voices in shaping the trajectory of mining projects.
The Societal Perspective of Postgraduate students at the Wits Business School towards the Just Energy Transition in South Africa
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Milanzi, Maria-Salome Gaudence
The purpose of this research is to explore postgraduate students; understanding of the Just Energy Transition (JET) in South Africa in order to uncover key areas of consideration from society’s point of view and their suggestions for implementation. The qualitative study followed an interpretive approach, interviewing twenty-one (21) postgraduate students at Wits Business School. The data was analysed through coding, from which themes were derived. The qualitative study identified concerns about the social impact of the transition, especially on vulnerable groups like the poor and workers in the coal industry. The findings highlight the need for strategies that address the impact on these groups, while also considering crucial factors like poor governance, unemployment, and electricity affordability. A phased approach with an initial focus on cleaner coal technologies and strong stakeholder engagement is recommended. The study also suggests recommendations for both the government and individuals. The government should rebuild trust, invest in cleaner energy sources while utilizing existing resources responsibly, and promote job creation through localization. Individuals are encouraged to educate themselves about the JET and its benefits. Ultimately, the research emphasizes the importance of socially just and inclusive approaches to ensure a successful and sustainable energy transition in South Africa.
Dynamic spillovers between clean energy stocks and fossil fuels: The role of climate policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg Date of Issue *, 2024) Mubaiwa, Darren Tinotenda; Fasanya, Ismail O.
Clean energy stocks have emerged as a means for environmentally conscious investors to support and foster the growth of companies that are involved in the green energy sector. However, given the entrenched place that non-green energy still holds, investors must contend with the reality that these clean energy stocks may be connected to fossil fuels. Therefore, the study applies the TVP-VAR model to analyze the volatility spillovers among these markets. Our empirical analyses demonstrate that there is strong connectedness between clean energy stocks and fossil fuels. Notwithstanding, we observe that the spillovers among fossil fuels (crude oil, diesel, jet fuel etc.) are stronger than the intermarket spillovers between these energy commodities and the clean energy stock market. We then proceed to examine the effect of climate policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk on these spillovers. Using the causality-in- quantiles technique of Balcilar et al. (2016), we find that both climate policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk have a formidable impact on clean energy stock and fossil fuel intermarket spillovers. Moreover, using the Quantile-on-Quantile regression approach of Sim and Zhou (2015), we find that climate policy uncertainty and geopolitical risk have heterogeneous effects across the distribution of the clean energy stock and fossil fuel spillover nexus. These findings constitute important information for investors and policymakers.
The Political Economy of Energy Regulation in the Coal Mining Industry of Emalahleni
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-06) Selebi, Elton Jimmy; Matshabaphala, Manamela
This study explores the perspectives on the political economy of energy regulation in the coal mining industry of Emalahleni. It seeks to discuss whether there are adequate steps within the political and economic sphere that regulates the efficient supply of electricity. The goals of this study are to ascertain the extent of regulation and policy formulation in the coal mining business in Emalahleni, South Africa; examine the reasons for decision-makers’ inaction in promoting a sustainable energy transition in Emalahleni, South Africa, and to identify political channels and platforms that can garner public and/or political support to speed the region's transition to sustainable energy. This research draws upon theoretical discussions centred on the following: The Agency Theory, Classical Political Economy, Keynesian Economics, and the Political Theory of Governance. Informed by an interpretivist paradigm, the qualitative research approach will be employed to explore the political economy of energy regulation within the study area. A non-probability sampling approach through the use of judgemental sampling was used to select the research participants, and the research method utilised interviews through the distribution of a questionnaire. A sample size of 20 comprised individuals from mining organisations in Emalahleni, Department of Mineral Resources and Energy Officials, CGS, Petroleum Agency SA, COSATU, and the Department of Trade Industry and Competition. The study noted that the political system has an impact on the energy and coal regulation markets at Emalahleni. It is recommended that an efficient energy resource policy and local governance are required to address the challenges of increased energy demand and pollution in South Africa.
Utilisation of liquefied natural gas as energy by heavy-duty vehicles in South Africa
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Tlalang, Kgosietsile
The transport sector in South Africa significantly contributes to greenhouse gas emissions, with over fourteen percent of the total emissions attributed to it. The reliance on fossil fuels, particularly diesel, for vehicular road transportation exacerbates this issue. High operating costs per kilometre of diesel negatively affect the sustainability of heavy-duty vehicle operations. To address these challenges, a conceptual framework was employed to investigate various factors influencing the decision-making process to adopt LNG as an alternative fuel. Qualitative research methods were utilised to gain insights into the owners’ environmental awareness, economic considerations, and long-term sustainability goals regarding LNG adoption. The findings reveal a growing interest among heavy-duty vehicle operators in transitioning to LNG because of its environmental benefits, cost efficiency, and long-term sustainability prospects. Key stakeholders such as vehicle manufacturers, fuel providers, and logistics services are actively exploring LNG solutions to enhance fuel diversity, reduce emissions, and achieve cost efficiencies. Volvo Southern Africa, a major heavy-duty vehicle manufacturer, is leading efforts to provide environmentally friendly solutions to the industry. Similarly, some logistics services providers are undertaking pilot programmes to explore alternative energy technologies as part of their commitment to environmental sustainability. The research underscores the potential of LNG to transform the heavy-duty vehicle sector by offering a cleaner, more sustainable fuel alternative. Analysis of the estimated payback period and net present value demonstrates the economic viability of LNG heavy-duty vehicles compared to diesel counterparts. However, to realise the full potential of LNG adoption in South Africa, investment in infrastructure for importation and distribution is crucial. Additionally, concerns about potential government levies and taxes on LNG need to be addressed to encourage its utilisation
Organisational Development Strategies to Mitigate Strike Action in Mining Companies in South Africa
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Tanyanyiwa, Olivia Tashinga; Matshabaphala, Manamela; Nixon, Ochara
This study delves into the challenges faced by the mining sector in South Africa due to frequent strike actions and explores various organizational development strategies that can be implemented to mitigate these occurrences. The research highlights the significance of effective communication, employee engagement, conflict resolution mechanisms, and leadership development in fostering a positive work environment and reducing the likelihood of strikes. By drawing on relevant literature, case studies, and expert opinions, the study aims to provide valuable insights for mining companies operating in South Africa to proactively address labor disputes and promote sustainable industrial relations. Through the implementation of strategic organizational development initiatives, mining companies can create a culture of trust, collaboration, and mutual respect among employees and management, ultimately leading to improved productivity and stability within the sector.
Exploring an optimal franchise agreement model for the fuel retail industry in South Africa
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Sakoane, Motshidisi Mary-Anne
This study explores the complex landscape of fuel retail franchise agreements in South Africa, highlighting the multifaceted challenges and strategic imperatives facing both franchisors and franchisees. The research underscores the importance of sustainable partnership models and adaptive business practices amidst a dynamic market environment. Key findings reveal a complex interplay of regulatory frameworks, market dynamics, and consumer trends, which significantly influence fuel retail franchise agreements. The study emphasises the need for franchise agreements that prioritise flexibility, clarity, and adaptability to ensure mutual benefit and long-term viability. The research contributes to understanding the complexities and challenges within the fuel retail industry, providing valuable guidance for stakeholders. It informs strategic decision-making and offers recommendations for improving franchise agreements, ensuring they meet the evolving needs of the market. The study also highlights limitations, including the specificity of the South African context and the dynamic nature of the industry, and suggests areas for future research, such as the impact of emerging technologies and consumer preferences on franchise operations.
Assessing the Contribution of Mining Companies to the Development of Entrepreneurs
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Mathoma, Khuthalani Curtis
This MBA thesis entitled “Assessing the Contribution of Mining Companies to the Development of Entrepreneurs” investigates the current state of entrepreneurship in South Africa, concentrating on the mining sector. The study analysed the extent to which mining companies have invested in entrepreneurship development in the areas where they operate, and the challenges that they face in promoting entrepreneurship in South Africa. A qualitative research approach and a case study design were employed, with data collected through face-to-face interviews with CSR and Enterprise and Supply Development representatives from gold and coal mining companies in Gauteng and Mpumalanga provinces, as well as beneficiaries and participants of the mining companies' CSR and Enterprise and Supplier Development programs. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the data. The study found that entrepreneurship in South Africa faces numerous challenges, including lack of access to finance, inadequate business skills, limited market opportunities, and regulatory challenges. However, mining companies have made significant investments in entrepreneurship development in the areas where they operate through corporate social responsibility initiatives and enterprise and supplier development programs. Mining companies provide financial and non-financial support for entrepreneurship development, including funding programs, loans, mentorship, and training programs. The study also found that mining companies face several challenges in promoting entrepreneurship in South Africa, among them is the absence of a culture of entrepreneurship in mining communities, limited access to finance and resources, and regulatory challenges. Despite these challenges, iv beneficiaries, and participants of mining companies' CSR and ESD initiatives generally perceived the programs as supportive of the development of their entrepreneurial ventures. Finally, the study recommended strategies that mining companies can adopt to enhance their contribution to the development of entrepreneurship in the country. Overall, this study offers insightful information about the function of mining companies in promoting entrepreneurship and highlights the importance of their continued investment in entrepreneurship development in South Africa.
Evaluating continuous improvement models to enhance organisational productivity in a diamond mining operation
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Chele, Motsi; Venter, Roberts
Evaluating continuous improvement models to enhance organisational productivity in a diamond mining operation. The study used qualitative methods to establish an appropriate continuous improvement methodology that will assist to enhance organisational productivity. The application of continuous improvement technique to help the organisation bridge observed non-productivity was the research gap being addressed. The study identified factors that are important for organisational productivity. The study went in details to unpack organisational productivity, internal business processes and continuous improvement methodologies. This research established the model to support the business practice. The challenges observed during the research study required a systemic approach, strong leadership support, effective communication and a commitment to building a culture of continuous improvement within the organisation to deal with them and easy the workflow. The research study concluded that Theory of constraints was the relevant methodology to be adopted by the organisation to deal with lack of productivity which is currently the major challenge. It is envisaged that the nominated continuous improvement methodology would be implemented and tested to validate its capabilities to drive the organisation to an acceptable productivity level.
Managing health and safety in South Africa’s renewable energy power plants
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Sloan, Mark James
The study explores the suitability of the South African Occupational Health and Safety Act Number 85 of 1993 (OHS Act) and its Regulations in their ability to appropriately support the management of people from hazards to health and safety within utility-scale renewable energy (RE) power plants in South Africa. The study includes the country’s three leading RE technologies that are in-service and connected to the national electrification grid, covering solar photovoltaic (PV), concentrated solar power (CSP) and wind power plants. Semi-structured interviews are used to collect the opinions and experiences of respondents. Each power plant’s operations are assessed from a health and safety hazard management perspective. This is followed by an evaluation of the OHS Act and its Regulations to determine their suitability in appropriately supporting the management of their fundamental intention of ensuring health and safety within solar PV, CSP and wind power plants. The study shows that these RE power plants do not present any health and safety hazards unique to these sectors under normal operating conditions. However, it does highlight several areas where the OHS Act and its Regulations are not entirely appropriate in managing people from hazards to health and safety within these RE power plants. The study identifies the importance of continually maintaining the OHS Act and its Regulations in line with technological advancements.

Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management (ETDs)

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