Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management (ETDs)

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Value creation

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    Stakeholder Perspective of Value Creation in the Affordable Housing Market in South Arica
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Dyantyis, Nwabisa; Dorson, Thomas Anning
    Access to adequate housing is a global crisis and requires a concerted effort by both private and private sector actors in the housing market. South Africa has made great stride but faces challenges in the provision of affordable housing segment due to the multisectoral multidimension complexity of the delivery framework of affordable housing. This study reflects on the body of work by scholars to study the affordable housing delivery framework, which has looked at the mechanic of the affordable housing market and explored the challenges in the tools, frameworks, resource allocations and institutional arrangements, for the delivery of quality affordable housing at scale and in a sustainable manner. The stakeholder theory provides a framework for the exploration of the analysis of the multistakeholder delivery framework of affordable housing. Through the application of the literature, that relates to value creation, enables an exploration of the affordable housing market and the value that is created and allocated by and to stakeholders. For the purpose of the qualitative study interviewing twelve respondents from the three groups of supply side stakeholders in the affordable housing market, namely government, financiers, and developers; using semi-structured interviews, whose perspective was the primary data sources for this study. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analysis to extract the themes that underpin the perspectives of stakeholders in the affordable housing market in South Africa. This study explores articulates the relationship between institutional stakeholders in the affordable housing supply chain segment to unlock the challenges constraining affordable housing delivery in South Africa. The outcomes of this basic research will contribute to further study of the affordable housing segment is contributing to the knowledge of mechanism of the market and stakeholder arrangements that create value in this housing segment and makes proposals for further study in this housing segment
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    A creative business venture to promote youth development in townships
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2022) Ngidi, Tebogo Lorna; Venter, Robert
    From the apartheid era up until the current state, unemployment has been a challenge in South Africa, especially amongst the young people in underprivileged townships (Hodge, 2009). To try and redress this, profit and non-profit sectors have undertaken a mixture of commercialised and social tasks to respond to changes that occur within the economic and social contexts (Social Enterprise Alliance , 2021). Such tasks include start-up businesses, interactive technologies and constantly evolving demographics that try to reach different aspects of life (Social Enterprise Alliance , 2021). It is through such convergences that social entrepreneurships were established. This social entrepreneurship project investigates whether a more creative business venture can assist with regards to promoting youth development in townships. According to Venter and Urban (2015), government support on its own is not enough to meet societal demands. This is more especially with regards to wicked problems that tend to be more complex to tackle due to its interlocked nature with other issues. Even though social entrepreneurship operates in diverse realms within the community, for the context of this research paper, this project investigates the introduction of newer and more creative business ventures within the Southwest Townships (SOWETO), a township that accommodates close to half of the Gauteng population. The report draws on the findings from reviewed literature and interviews with various stakeholders; entrepreneurs (both new and established), community support institutions and the local government.
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    A critical analysis of the pillar one direct tax solutions for businesses in the digital economy
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Mthembu, Sibonelo
    Business profit under the existing international tax system is taxed in the state of residence unless the entity has generated the said profit through a permanent establishment in another state. Traditionally, a business had to have a physical presence in the source state to be considered a permanent establishment. (European Parliament, 2019a, p. 17; World Bank, 2021, p. 26). The digitalisation of the economy allows multinational entities to do business with customers worldwide without having a physical presence in those customers' locations. (World Bank, 2021, p. 26), while the current international tax law is depended on the physical presence of the entity in a location, i.e., a permanent establishment (European Parliament, 2019a, p. 16; World Bank, 2021, p. 26). In the digital economy, the concept of a permanent establishment becomes irrelevant (Medus, 2017, p. 15). The OECD acknowledged that businesses with high levels of digitalisation could generate significant profits and engage in national economic life without having a sizable physical presence (OECD, 2015a, pp. 100-102). The European Parliament (2019a, p. 16) reported that due to these gaps in the current international tax system, digital businesses pay an average tax rate of 9%, while traditional businesses pay an average tax rate of 21%. In October 2020, the OECD published the blueprint with the recommendation to address the direct taxation of the digital economy, entitled ‘Tax challenges arising from Digitalisation – Report on Pillar One Blueprint’ (Pillar One). These recommendations will be effective in 2024 once the inclusive framework members have signed the Multilateral Convention (OECD, 2022a, p. 5). In addition to the Pillar One report, the OECD issued a progress report entitled ‘Progress Report on Amount A of Pillar One, Two-Pillar Solution to the Tax Challenges of the Digitalisation of the Economy’ (Progress Report) in July 2021. Lastly, to address the administrative challenges, the OECD, in October 2022, issued the draft administrationprinciples to be followed by the in-scope multinational entities on the report entitled ‘ProgressReport on the Administration and Tax Certainty Aspects of Pillar One’ (the Administration Report). Researchers and tax policymakers have researched the taxation of the digital economy or e-commerce. However, the focus of those studies was to analyse the tax challenges brought about by the digitalisation of the economy and propose solutions that can be adopted to 2 | P a g e address the direct tax challenges brought about by the digitalisation of the economy (European Parliament, 2019). This research report aims to analyse how digital businesses will be taxed using the recommended direct tax solutions from Pillar One. The OECD issued Pillar One to address the current international tax law gaps.
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    A normative view of value creation in the context of stakeholder understanding
    (2021) Spruit, Sebastian Ian Lynton
    This paper contributes to the literature on integrated reporting and current perspectives of value creation, through the implementation of framing theory. The paper develops a normative understanding of value creation. It addresses the need for additional research on the use of an integrated report, from the perspective of integrated report preparers, in communicating the affairs of an entity. In doing so, the research explores the perceived informational needs of stakeholders from the perspective of preparers, using framing tasks. The research relies on institutional logics, as a theoretical framework and interviews 23 preparers of large organisations listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (JSE). With he use of framing tasks, the purpose and objectives of the integrated report is investigated. The results reveal the following types of preparers: the compliance-focused, the stakeholder-focused and the business-focused preparer. Each of these preparers use the integrated report for a different purpose. This research approaches the problem of inconsistent and misdirected integrated reports. An investigation into framing tasks, yielded insight into the process of disclosing, measuring, and understanding value creation. This research explores how preparers respond to the challenge of preparing an integrated report, how they measure and present their value creation, as well as how they engage with their stakeholders. This includes obtaining an understanding of the motivations and incentives which drive the preparation of an integrated report. The results of this research shows how preparers have shifted from lengthy compliance-based reports, to integrated disclosures which allow for business models that achieve sustainability and produce a comprehensive account of the value creation process. This shift showcases the social mechanisms which support the preparation of integrated reports as the reporting process develops into a more integrated and instinctive form