Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management (ETDs)

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    The Role of Localisation of the Supply Chain in the South African Automotive Industry
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Mohlala, Masingita Onica; Munkuli, Bongani
    Purpose/Introduction- The South African automotive industry plays a pivotal role in the country's economic landscape, and the increasing emphasis on supply chain localisation has prompted a need for comprehensive research. This study addresses three primary research objectives: understanding the influence of institutional dynamics on localisation adoption, identifying effective strategies for supply chain enhancement, and analysing specific impacts on the industry's supply chain networks. As globalization continues to impact industries worldwide, the role of localisation in the automotive sector becomes a critical area for exploration. Design/methodology/approach- To achieve the research objectives, a mixed-methods approach was employed. Quantitative data was gathered through surveys using a Likert scale distributed across various organisational sizes within the South African automotive industry. The surveys focused on opinions and perceptions related to localisation policies, government regulations, and the impact of such measures on supply chain performance. Additionally, qualitative insights were gathered through questionnaires using open-ended questions, providing a more nuanced understanding of the industry's localisation dynamics. Findings/Results- The quantitative analysis revealed a significant correlation between the implementation of localisation policies and organisational structure and size. Larger organisations exhibited higher agreement on the effective implementation of localisation policies. Government regulations were identified as significantly associated with the organisational structure during the implementation of supply chain localisation. Findings also underscored variations in perceptions based on organisational size, emphasizing the need for tailored strategies. Furthermore, the study explored the impact of government regulations on localisation measures and their adoption within organisations. Research limitations/implications - While the study provides valuable insights, certain limitations should be considered. The sample size, though representative, might not capture the entire diversity of the South African automotive industry. Additionally, self- reported data from surveys may introduce biases, and the study's cross-sectional nature limits its ability to capture dynamic changes over time. Despite these limitations, the research lays a foundation for understanding the complexities of supply chain localisation in the South African automotive context and offers avenues for future, more in-depth investigations. Practical implications- The study's practical implications include the need for targeted policy interventions, size-specific organisational strategies, active engagement in enterprise and supplier development, informed decisions on import taxation, promotion of local content for enhanced competitiveness, and continued collaboration between the government and industry stakeholders. Adhering to these implications is crucial for fostering sustainable development in the South African automotive supply chain
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    An institutional and stakeholder perspective of governance, ethics and trust in State Operated Enterprises
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Manda, More Ickson
    State-Operated Enterprises (SOEs) in South Africa continue to face significant challenges impacting their performance. Governance and other ethical concerns have been identified as factors that have impacted the performance of SOEs. Consequently, trust in SOEs among stakeholders such as the state, business, civil society, and citizens has been eroded. This study explores corporate governance in SOEs using an institutional and stakeholder perspective to examine the relationship between trust, corporate governance, and ethics in institutions. The study is a quantitative study that uses a survey as its primary method of collecting data. Findings were triangulated with evidence from documents and literature. The study was conducted in South Africa, a middle-income developing country and young democracy confronted by many challenges, such as corruption, decreasing public trust and investor and businessconfidence. This has spotlighted theoretical and practical issues such as corporate governance. The study proposed a framework for strengthening trust and corporate governance to restore legitimacy in institutions, an essential factor in building strong, responsible, and capable institutions that deliver value to shareholders and stakeholders. The study also made practical recommendations for strengthening ethics, governance, and trust
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    An institutional arrangement analysis of the South African Bureau of Standards
    (2020) Makhuvela, Ayender Ndzalama
    The aim of the research is to analyse the institutional arrangements of the verification network institutions for local content requirements and designation policy in South Africa (SA). The verification network institutions for local content requirements and designation policy in South Africa hardly receive scholarly scrutiny. This study is undertaken to understand the institutional arrangements, and the procedural, methodological and institutional value choices that are in place to capacitate the South African Bureau of Standards (SABS) to conduct local content verification. A Qualitative research methodology approach is undertaken to study inductive reasoning and to answer the research questions that require discussion and elaboration by research participants. This research arises from the need to gain further insights into the capacity challenges the SABS is experiencing in conducting verifications. The primary data was collected using methods of observations, content analysis, structured and unstructured interviews with stakeholders from government departments, the industry supplying products and goods, procuring entities participating in the procurement of public goods and services. Further, the secondary data is generated from theoretical analysis. The mandate of the SABS is defined by the Standards Acts (1945;1993;2008) that established the institution as a statutory Standards Authority. It was enacted as a national institution for the development, promotion and maintenance of standards on behalf of the South African government. Each Act repealing the previous is about the continuation of service, updating the rules for human conduct, complying with the governance requirement of the government. The SABS aligned its mandate to support governments Industrial Policy Action Plan (IPAP), which is the government’s plan for industrialization that promotes localization of products and services, protecting the local industries from penetration of low-quality cheap imports. The SABS were appointed by the dti during the amendments to the procurement policy due to the expertise and the fact that the SABS prepared the SATS document. It was then recommended that the SABS be the verification authority for local content and designation policy. There was no MOU or any legal official documentation detailing the mandate of the institutions to conduct the verification. This verification process has been faced with conceptualisation and implementation challenges of cost and also non-compliance by the procuring entities. The cost of verification has been a contentious issue since inception of the policy. This resulted in gaps in the delegated authority and the funding of the institution to conduct verification. Certain functions are more constructive when handled by particular state institutions, as certain institutions are great agents of institutional design, but not-so-great agents of implementation and enforcement. The SABS has been delegated legal powers to conduct verification by the dti, using the PPPFA. However, these powers are not enforceble as the procuring entity is the one that enters into contractual agreement with the bidders who will be verified. Additionally, the procuring entities have been empowered to action remedial action against a tenderer who submitted false information. Institutional change is necessary to improve service delivery and achieving the organisational mandate, goals and objective. In reforming institutions, it is necessary to formally change the institutional arrangement such as re-organisation of the administrative functions in the institution. The Minister of Trade and Industry exercised his discretion as stated in the Standards Act of 2008 Subsection 9 and terminated the term of office for board members. By placing the institution under administration dissolving the board citing “institutional failures, in governance, finances, policy and operation. This can be seen as a form of institutional reform as there was a formal change to the institutional arrangement of the SABS