Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management (ETDs)

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    The influence of organisational learning in defining digital strategies within South African banks
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Massango, Alcinda; Alagbaoso, Manessah
    This study investigates the role of organizational learning (OL) in the formulation of digital strategies (DS) within the context of South African (SA) banks. It employs a qualitative approach and drawing upon a comprehensive literature review and empirical data collected from interviews with key stakeholders, the study examines the critical elements, challenges, and enablers inherent in integrating OL into DS formulation processes. The findings underscore the pivotal role of OL in shaping agile and responsive digital strategies that enable banks to navigate the dynamic digital landscape and drive sustainable growth. Key themes identified include the importance of clear organizational vision and strategic alignment, investment in talent development, cultivation of an agile and flexible organizational culture, and effective communication and knowledge-sharing practices. The study concludes by offering strategic recommendations for SA banks to enhance their digital capabilities and achieve strategic objectives through the effective integration of OL into DS formulation processes. Additionally, limitations encountered during the study are discussed, and suggestions for future research are presented
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    Digital Transformation Initiatives in Gauteng Provincial Government
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Makhubele, Nomsa Tintswalo; Genga, Cheryl
    Digital transformation is a crucial aspect of modernising the public sector in South Africa. The Gauteng Provincial Government (GPG) has been leading the implementation of various digital technologies to improve efficiency and citizen engagement. One of the digital transformation initiatives implemented in Gauteng is e-recruitment, which aims to streamline the hiring process. This qualitative study used a purposive sampling of HR personnel to investigate the acceptance of e-recruitment in the Gauteng Provincial Government, which has fourteen provincial departments. The study was conducted using focus group interviews to understand the general experience that the HR officials have with the e-recruitment system, its impact and effectiveness, and how these relate to digital transformation. A study sample of ten (10) HR personnel participated in the study. The study's findings indicated that while e-recruitment is perceived as user- friendly and advantageous, its benefits were outweighed by several drawbacks. Inadequate IT infrastructure, a deficiency in customer engagement tools, and a lack of core process and workforce enablement were identified as factors that diminished the perceived benefits of the system. These drawbacks can influence an organisation's digital transformation journey. It is recommended that Gauteng address its Digital Application and Impact dimensional elements urgently. Addressing these issues is crucial to ensuring that Gauteng maximizes the return on its investment and fast-tracks its digital transformation. The study confirmed that in the enterprise context, such as public service, where adoption is mandatory, a lack of perceived benefits does not necessarily lead to system abandonment, but it can affect its digital transformation. System adoption can be sustained if one of the two factors of TAM is in place, as was the case with the ease of use sustaining the use of the system alongside the departmental strategy of digital transformation and modernisation
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    An Assessment of Digital Transformation and Maturity in the South African banking sector
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Garane, Achumile Sinazo; Anning, Thomas Dorson
    The present study investigates the nuances of digital transformation and maturity in the South African banking sector. In the present study, the prevailing problem is that documented scientific evidence seemingly suggests business customers have to wait a long time for their loan applications to be accepted because banks lack the necessary digital capabilities, business processes and IT competencies to respond to all sales requests promptly. To deal with this pressing empirical and practical gap in the literature, this study collected primary data through a semi-structured interview approach. To do this, two samples were drawn from business executives and retail and business client strata from the banking sector in South Africa. A total of 15 interviews were conducted, comprising 7 business executives and 8 from the retail and business clients group. Data was analysed using thematic analysis. The findings suggest that South Africa's banking industry has a well-advanced digital banking system that integrates business and retail clients with the global financial system and makes it easier for them to plan their cash flow streams using different products offered by digital banking platforms. Nonetheless, despite a relatively advanced banking system, evidence suggests that retail and business banking clients lack the knowledge on how to use digital banking applications. As such, the study recommends that financial institutions should develop user-friendly products, increase knowledge of product usage to clients, and eliminate the probability of cybercrime in digital banking platforms
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    The Enablers and Hinderances of Digital Transformation in a South African Corporate Bank
    (University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Pillay, Jared; Alagbaoso, Manessah
    The success of many firms in the age of the fourth industrial revolution depends on the astuteness and pace of their response to digital transformation (DT). DT is a business phenomenon that is yet to be fully understood across industries and sectors. In the banking industry, most research pertaining to DT has focused on retail banking. There is very little research about DT in corporate banks and no research about it in a South African corporate bank, to the best of the researcher’s knowledge. The purpose of this research study was to assess DT in a South African corporate bank (referred to as “CIB”) by focusing on the following objectives: assessing the DT journey of CIB, assessing the digital maturity level of CIB, and investigating the enablers and hinderances of DT in CIB. The study adopted a qualitative research design and used a case study strategy of enquiry. Twelve participants that comprised executives, leaders, and employees of the bank were purposively selected and interviewed to generate rich data. The research findings showed that CIB is a complex environment with customer segments, products, and services that exhibit different characteristics related to volume and variation. CIB has achieved much progress regarding DT in a relatively short while. However, there are hinderances to DT that emanate from an imbalance in top-down and bottom-up strategies, the absence of a unifying digital vision, a conservative approach to innovation, misalignment with the greater banking group, and a lack of consistent basic digital knowledge. At a high level, this study recommends that CIB considers the elements of strategy and vision, people and culture, process and governance, and technology capabilities that are discussed at length in this research report to formulate a unified business strategy and vision for DT amongst other recommendations. The complexity of corporate banking means that DT will most likely have boundaries because of the necessity of physical engagement, and the requirement for human cognitive abilities, creativity, and ingenuity is likely to remain in this environment for longer than in most other sectors and industries.
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    Digital transformation in university schools: a case study of a South African Business School
    (2021) Cajee, Yasira
    The concepts of digitisation, digitalisation, digital transformation and digital maturity are both revolutionising and fundamentally evolving the way in which organisations operate. Digital technologies and automation are rapidly introducing changes into customers’ lifestyles, interactions, engagements and requirements with business and organisations globally. Digital transformation is a continuous journey and is impacting different industries in different ways. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the state of digital transformation at Wits Business School (WBS), a South African business school in the higher education sector. The study followed a triangulated qualitative research design, which included multiple data sources in the form of 15 digital semi-structured in-depth interviews with senior and non-senior stakeholders across Wits University currently involved in digital business-related initiatives; 160 online qualitative questionnaires from student respondents across WBS; 14 Wits University policy documents; and observational data linked to digitally related projects and initiatives. The data was analysed through a thematic network approach. The research findings pointed to a large gap between WBS’s current digital maturity state and the desired digitally transformed state. The findings indicated that WBS lacks stable leadership to create a digital vision and strategy for digital transformation, which are currently lacking. Cultural transformation is urgently required, coupled with incentives for adopting new digital skills and capabilities into the workforce. Positively, the findings revealed a high level of digital focus across all areas of the value chain both in WBS and Wits University. Six areas were identified as the main factors hindering digital transformation: Leadership, Governance, Strategy and Vision, Culture, Business Models and Platforms, and Technological Resources and Capabilities. The research recommends bold, agile and transformative leadership; a clearly articulated digital vision and strategy; improved digital skills with a digitally inculcated cultural mind-set; and a revised organisational structure that incorporates cross-functional teams from different areas of the value chain coupled with integrated technological architecture and platforms, supported through digitalised governance policies and appropriate data analytics
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    The digital maturity levels of African airports: a departure point for the digital transformation journey
    (2020) Mosehlane, Tshegofatso
    Background: The study aims to investigate Digital Maturity levels within the African airport industry. The correlation between Digital Maturity and the following airport performance indicators; total revenue growth, total departing passenger growth and Airport Service Quality (ASQ), was investigated to establish whether any such relationships exist. Objectives: To determine the as-is Digital Maturity levels as input into Digital Transformation Strategy development and to understand whether there exists a relationship between high Digital Maturity levels and an increase in company performance. Method: A literature study of fourteen Digital Maturity models was performed to determine the qualitative dimensions of the Digital Maturity Model used in this study. An online survey set up in a Likert scale format (1 = strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree), was subsequently developed. Frameworks by De Bruin, Rosemann, Freeze, and Kulkarni (2005) and Maier, Moultrie, and Clarkson (2012), were used for the development of the Digital Maturity Model. The reliability of the Digital Maturity model was tested using Cronbach’s alpha (α) test (Gilem & Gilem, 2003). The survey was sent to African airport employees via email. Responses were quantitatively measured by allocating weightings (1 to 5) to Digital Maturity sub-dimensions, enabling the calculation of maturity levels per Digital Maturity dimension for each airport. Descriptive studies were further conducted to understand the distribution of the collected data. The second part of the study investigated the correlation between Digital Maturity levels and company performance indicators (Remane, Hanelt, Wiesboeck, & Kolbe, 2017). Results: The study found that African airports display low maturity levels, ranging between 1.39 and 2.96. With South African and Ghanaian airports being on the higher end and Nigerian airports being on the lower end of the Digital Maturity scale. Most of the airports fall on the higher end of the scale, above Digital Maturity level 2.7. Furthermore, all the airports experienced a decline in total revenue and an increase in total departing passenger numbers over 3 years. The airports with the higher Digital iii Maturity levels experienced lower total revenue declines and higher total departing passenger growth, compared to the airport with the lowest Digital Maturity level. Additionally, the airport with the highest Digital Maturity level, experienced the most considerable decline in ASQ. Whereas the airport with the lowest Digital Maturity level, experienced an improvement in ASQ over the 3 years. Conclusion: Digital Maturity levels at African airports are low and to remain competitive, airports need to define strategies to assist them in progressing to higher levels of Digital Maturity. The features and outputs of the Digital Maturity Model survey should be used to inform the Digital Transformation Strategies. The study found a positive relationship between Digital Maturity and growth in total revenue and total departing passengers, and a negative relationship between Digital Maturity and ASQ. Organisations should decide on the Digital Maturity dimensions that will be a priority for them to remain competitive. These priority dimensions should be used to offer a differentiated experience to passengers and customers per the organisations’ refreshed Digital Transformation Strategy.