Faculty of Commerce, Law and Management (ETDs)
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Item Public procurement challenges faced by Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises (SMMEs) inTshwane Metropolitan Municipality(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Malope, Comfort Rodney MathewsThis research report investigated the challenges encountered by small, medium, and micro enterprises (SMMEs) in navigating the landscape of public procurement within the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality. As SMMEs played a pivotal role in fostering economic growth and development, understanding the obstacles they faced in participating effectively in public procurement processes was crucial for devising targeted policy interventions and support mechanisms. The study employed the qualitative approach to provide a comprehensive overview of the challenges confronting SMMEs in accessing and competing for government contracts. Through thematic analysis, key themes emerged, including bureaucratic barriers, lack of access to information, capacity constraints, and issues related to transparency and fairness in procurement practices. Findings indicated that SMMEs encountered numerous barriers throughout the procurement cycle, ranging from limited awareness of tender opportunities to difficulties in meeting stringent qualification criteria and accessing financing. Moreover, the opaque and complex nature of procurement processes often disadvantaged smaller businesses, exacerbating inequalities and hindering their ability to grow and thrive in the marketplace. This research contributed to the existing literature by shedding light on the specific challenges faced by SMMEs in the context of public procurement in Tshwane. The findings underscored the need for targeted policy interventions aimed at streamlining procurement procedures, enhancing access to information and capacity-building initiatives, and promoting greater inclusivity and transparency in government contracting practices. Ultimately, addressing these challenges was imperative for fostering a more conducive environment for SMMEs to participate actively in public procurement, thereby unlocking their potential as engines of economic growth and drivers of socio-economic transformation within the Tshwane Metropolitan Municipality.Item Improving Customer Service in South African laboratories using a Laboratory Information Management System(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Maloka, KaraboLaboratories are essential to maintaining the highest standards of quality and safety for the different services that the public uses. These services range across various industries from accurately diagnosing diseases, drug safety, research and innovation to food and water quality amongst others. As a result, these laboratories need to ensure that they provide comprehensive services that will adhere to the various crucial demands. Several studies, such as an article written by Laboratory Equipment Magazine (2018), outline that many laboratories, both in the academic and commercial sectors, still utilise paper-based techniques due to a variety of issues, including cost, complexity, data security, regulatory compliance, and user acceptability. According to Huser and Cimino (2013), one such technology that can be utilised to meet these service needs is a Laboratory Information Management System (LIMS), which offers these laboratories a reliable means of managing their operations and gathering sample findings. The purpose of this study was to fill the research gap on how South African laboratories might enhance the services they offer to their clients by using a Laboratory Information Management System. In the context of the South African Laboratory sector, this study presented and evaluated a SERVQUAL model that illustrated the relationship between service quality elements (reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy and tangibles) and customer satisfaction. The research questions from the study were addressed using quantitative data through an online distributed questionnaire. Convenience sampling was used in this study to choose a sample of 113 study participants. At the end of the study, only two of the five proposed hypotheses have been supported by the study's results. These results supported the third hypothesis (Assurance) and the fifth hypothesis (Tangibles), which suggests that assurance, tangibles, and customer satisfaction are positively correlated. Based on the components that were used for this study, the results did not demonstrate that a Laboratory Information Management System assists with v improving customer service as only 2 out of the five hypotheses were supported. This has served as a beneficial starting point to further expand on this research as it can provide much-needed benefits for the South African laboratory community at largeItem The adoption of efficient technology in emerging markets within State Owned Bank in South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2022) Malatji , Jaftha Sechube; Dladla, PholileThis study aims to explore the adoption of efficient technologies in a South African state-owned enterprise (SOE) or state-owned bank (SOB), specifically investigating the factors that affect how efficient technologies are adopted, the challenges that come during the adoption phase, and the advantages that result from successfully adopting efficient technologies. The research study applied a qualitative research design and used interviews with open-ended questions to collect data. The findings reveal a complex landscape influenced by various elements such as communication, leadership, organisational culture, and operational efficiency. The study highlights the importance of technology adoption within an SOE or SOB. Based on the findings, recommendations were formulated that can be used to enhance how the South African State-Owned Bank can manage the adoption of new technologies efficiently while reducing the risks connected with technology adoption. Despite certain limitations, the study provides valuable insights into the intricate dynamics of new technology adoption in a traditionally oriented country like South Africa.Item Work-Back Arrangements and Skills Development of Previously Disadvantaged Employees through B-BBEE in the South African Private Sector(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Makwela, Annah Lerato; Moloi, TseleThis study sought to explore the implementation of work-back payback agreements and their nexus with BBBEE scorecards through a case study of large entities in Secunda, a small region in the Mpumalanga Province. Using a qualitative case study approach, seven participants were purposely selected from large entities in Secunda. The data was collected through in-depth interviews with the selected participants. The interviews were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and then subjected to reflective thematic analysis (RTA) to identify emerging themes. The analysis showed that the main drivers for training and development were the need for productivity in line with the strategic objectives of the organizations and, to a lesser extent, to improve the BBBEE scorecard rating of an organization. The study also identified employer and employee challenges, such as the inability to pay back when contracts are breached. Overall, this study strengthens the idea that training and development improve productivity and that BBBEE scorecard points are effective incentives to encourage employers to invest in the skills development of the previously disadvantagedItem Consumer awareness in Sustainable Clothing: A study of Fast Fashion in South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Makwasa, Skhumbuzo LuckyThis study aims to examine consumers’ awareness and attitudes of sustainable fashion in the South African context. The attributes studied are perceived environmental sustainability knowledge, awareness of sustainable fashion, need for sustainable fashion and perceived value of sustainable fashion, and how they affect consumer attitudes towards sustainable fashion adoption intention. The theoretical framework of diffusion of innovation, the theory of planned behaviour and the triple-trickle formed the foundation of this study. Empirical literature on the relationship between the independent and dependent variables was conducted and yielded five hypotheses. This quantitative research adapted questions from previous literature contributions and utilised a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire. Two hundred and seven (207) responses were obtained by the researcher online with the use of a harvested email database of employees of Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) South Africa by means of random sampling. Online social networks such as LinkedIn were used to distribute the questionnaire. The study confirmed four out of the five hypotheses. The study provided insights on determinants of positive attitudes and subsequent adoption intention of purchasing sustainable fashion garments. In addition, this study helped to confirm the working age group’s awareness of sustainable fashion. Lastly, theoretically, the study contributes to the field of consumer behaviour by proposing an integrative model for understanding drivers and motivations for sustainable clothing product preference.Item A framework for facilitating bank funding of black SMEs in South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Majozi, NompiloSmall and medium-sized enterprises are the fundamentals of economic growth. Younus (2021) mentions that the success of a country depends heavily on the performance of its SMEs sector. Business Unity South Africa (BUSA) (2019) illustrates that many private sector employments in South Africa come from Small Medium and Micro Enterprises, which generate 65% of all employment possibilities. This is evidence that SME’s plays a significate role in the economy of South Africa. But still, they face various of challenges regarding access to funding especially through the Banks. The success or failure of SMEs is determined by their financial viability (Schwab, Gold, and Reiner, 2019). Due to the significant default risk among SMEs and the inadequate financial facilities, access to formal funding is limited (Kauffmann, 2005). In South Africa, the funding landscape for SMEs is complex, with various challenges facing them. These challenges include a lack of collateral, high-interest rates, and stringent loan requirements, among others. With high interest rates, a lengthy application procedure, and onerous collateral requirements, many SMEs cite financing as the most difficult aspect of growth (Durst and Gerstlberger, 2021). Seldom are small enterprises able to meet the conditions set by banking firms, who perceive SMEs as a risk due to insufficient guarantees and an inexperience of their ability to repay loans (Kauffmann, 2005). Durst and Gerstlberger (2021) assert that due to a lack of established track records for success, small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are perceived as high-risk ventures by capital providers. The ability of SMEs to obtain external financing or internal capital plays a crucial role in their capacity to initiate new ventures, enhance existing ones, and achieve overall success (Younus, 2021).Item Adoption of digital dual supply networks by SMES in the Capricorn district of Limpopo Province in South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2022) Sefala, MaiteThis research investigates the adoption of digital tools, specifically Digital Dual-Supply Networks (DDSN), by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) operating within the Capricorn District of the Limpopo Province in South Africa. As the digital landscape continues to evolve, SMEs face increasing pressure to integrate innovative technologies into their business operations. The study aims to understand the current state of digital tool adoption, the factors influencing adoption decisions, and the impact of DDSNs on the overall performance, sustainability, and growth of SMEs in the region. Thus, four parental concepts, namely, digital dual-supply network, sustainability, growth, and performance of the SMEs are investigated to establish an impact they could have on the SMEs in Limpopo province, South Africa. This study will follow a qualitative research design and data will be collected through interviews to gain comprehensive insights into the dynamics of digital tool adoption within the SME sector. The research will explore the challenges hindering adoption, identify successful cases, and analyse the strategic considerations that influence the decision-making process of SMEs when integrating DDSNs. Moreover, the study will also explore the context of the dual-channel digital supply chain network and its importance in the sustainability of the SMES as well as analysing the concepts of collaboration and digital transformation of Capricorn district SMEs within the ever-changing and market trends and demands. Digital Dual-Supply Networks (DDSNs) represent a paradigm shift in supply chain management, leveraging advanced digital technologies to create more agile and resilient networks. This research not only advances theoretical knowledge in the field but also offers practical implications for businesses contemplating or currently undergoing digital transformation through the adoption of DDSNs. The resulting framework aims to guide organizations in optimizing their supply chain processes, fostering innovation, and adapting to the dynamic landscape of the digital era. The findings of this research will contribute to the existing body of knowledge on technology adoption in SMEs, providing valuable insights for policymakers, business owners, and researchers interested in fostering digital transformation within the Capricorn District and similar regions. Ultimately, the study aims to offer practical recommendations to enhance the adoption of DDSNs among SMEs, promoting their sustainable growth and competitiveness in the ever-evolving digital business landscape. Keywords: SMEs; digitalization, collaboration, dual dual-channel digital supply chain network, sustainability, growthItem The role of development finance institutions (DFIs) in bringing economic stability during times of crisis: a case study of 2021 July unrest in South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Mafitoe, Mapotso Justine; Horvey, SylvesterInvestment by DFIs play a positive and significant role in fostering economic growth in developing countries. However, social unrest threatens business operations; it leads to trade deficits, significant job losses and currency depreciation. Yet, no empirical research focuses on the consequences of social unrest on the operations of South African DFIs generally. This study fills this gap by exploring the impact of the July 2021 social unrest on the DFI’s ability to bring economic stability during times of crisis. A sample of 12 participants were interviewed and the data was analysed using thematic analysis. The results show that the activation and incorporation of a ‘financial intermediary’ role into the DFI’s corporate strategy precipitated organisational change and enabled the DFI to ‘rescue’ businesses post-2021 civil unrest. However, PUBRF was more than a solution to the problem of affected businesses. It was an activity that enabled the DFI to bring economic stability and job-rich industrialisation, achieve organisational growth and profitability, and develop a plan to effectively handle future critical events. The successful integration of PUBRF into the DFI’s operations confirms previous studies that organisational change capability is illustrated by an organisation’s ability to learn, anticipate future changes, and manage episodic change without compromising core organisational activities. This study recommends that organisations embrace change as it leads to enhanced relations with the environment, upskilling, coordination, flexibility, and resilience, all of which ultimately promote performance.Item The perceived influence of digital banking on the financial wellness of the South African middle-class(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Mabasa, Tiyiselani Innocent; Anning-Dorson, ThomasThis study explores the impact of digital banking on the financial wellness of the South African middle class. Using online questionnaires, quantitative research methods are employed to gather data on digital banking adoption, perceived financial wellness, easy access to credit, and prior exposure to digital marketing strategies among middle- class individuals. Data analysis encompasses the use of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and regression analysis to examine the relationships between variables and draw relevant conclusions. This study aims to enhance comprehension of the perceived impact of digital banking on the financial wellness of middle-class South Africans by addressing specific research goals. The study found that autonomous and controlled motivation had a positive impact on the individual's financial wellness; it further highlighted that personalised credit offers contributed positively towards their financial wellness, despite the fact that convenient access to credit is a significant factor in the adoption of digital banking but not the sole determinant factor.Item Analysing Management Strategies and Models Applied by Amateur Sporting Federations in South Africa(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023) Letsholo, Kabelo Johannes; Mati, JacobThis mixed methods research study was conducted to analyse management strategies and models applied by amateur sporting federations in South Africa. Since the advent of a democratic South Africa, only rugby, soccer, cricket and to some degree netball, golf and motorsport, have managed to maintain and/or increase their value proposition and thus attracted several stakeholders. The sports television coverage landscape has also largely remained the skewed only towards these federations. This is despite the fact that some amateur sporting federations have consistently and regularly participated in their respective sporting codes’ world championships and even Olympics games. Media coverage of these amateur federations’ participation in these events is scarce and covered nor the general South African population never gets to hear about them. Business entities have also been reluctant to partner with the amateur federations. This research therefore seeks to identify and understand practices that hinder amateur sporting federations from achieving their objectives to highlight and recommend practices that these federations specifically and other amateur sporting federations in general can adopt to enable them to reach their strategic objective. The study was conducted through interviews with three amateur sports federations in South Africa. The initial primary research data was collected using structured interviews and an online survey. Analysis of this data found that there is evidence to infer a correlation between constructs such as an organisational sport framework, governance, sport value creation, sports consumer behaviour/needs and organisational performance at the national level. It is hoped that this study will assist the sports fraternity in South Africa to appreciate that constructs such as sports value framework, good governance prescripts, sport value creation and offering value that sport consumers want, if implemented and/or adopted, can help elevate amateur sporting federations.