School of Business Sciences (ETDs)

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Exploring the concept of strategy as practice in national disaster risk reduction: the case of Botswana
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2024) Dennison, Margaret Opelo; Coldwell, David
Many communities in Botswana are prone to disaster threat; natural, man-made and technological, and unfortunately, evidence suggests that there are weaknesses in the Botswana’s disaster risk reduction and disaster management system. These weaknesses can have a negative impact on preventative efforts, increasing disaster impacts on societies. The key research question for this study is: How is strategy implementation done for national disaster risk reduction in Botswana and what improvements can be made using the Strategy- as practice lens? The extant literature does not explore how disaster risk reduction is done from first hand experiences of those on the ground. In contrast to traditional organisational strategic management, strategy in practice considers the process in which individual interactions and interpretations of organisational strategy lead to enactment of strategy on the ground. The study is qualitative and exploratory. The sample was selected from all three levels of the Botswana disaster risk management institutional framework. A purposive sampling technique was used, and two participants were selected from the National Disaster Management office, 6 District Commissioners and 34 participants from 6 District Disaster Management Committees based on their level of responsibility. 35 Village Development Committee Chairpersons from umbrella committees were also included in the sample as they represent a wider population within their districts. In addition, snowball sampling was used to select 11 Chairpersons from ordinary Village Development Committees. Data collection used document review, semi- structured interviews, focus groups and the nominal group technique. Findings indicate that there is no extant formal disaster risk management legislation in the country meaning there are no legally required risk management systems in place. As a result, disaster risk reduction in the past has been conducted without effective communication and coordination of disaster risk reduction strategies and systems at national, district and village levels. The study recommends that disaster risk management legislation, sufficient training for implementors at all levels of the disaster risk management institutional framework as well as coordination and communication strategies and systems should be put in place to effectively deal with mitigating disasters that the country may face in the future.
Total reward preferences: A quantitative empirical study of employee retention and attraction in SMMEs in South Africa
(University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2023-06) Mashele, Masingita; Coldwell, David
Background: Compensation is a key factor in the attraction and retention of talent by the organisation. The reward or compensation that people receive in return for the work they perform within an organisation may consist of both monetary and non-monetary components. Understanding the rewards that specific employees prefer could help eliminate the costs associated with inappropriately designed rewards strategies. Aim: To understand how Total Rewards programmes contribute towards attracting and retaining diverse types of employees; the research study aims to establish the differences in employees’ reward preferences and inclination to prefer Total Rewards Systems. The research study focuses specifically on employees within the SMME (Small, Medium, and Micro Enterprises) sector. Methodology: The research study uses quantitative methods of collecting and analysing data. Quantitative research presents data collected numerically and enables the research to identify trends in the phenomena being studied. Contribution: The research study’s intention is to add to the knowledge of successful reward practices and strategies that reflect the ways in which organisations attract and retain employees across the SMME sector. The research seeks to contribute towards the knowledge, capabilities, and effectiveness of the HR function to drive the knowledge that can inform better reward practices within the SMME sector. Results: The results obtained indicate that a significant positive relationship exists between SMME employees’ preferences for specific rewards and their perception of the attractiveness of Total Rewards Systems which are related to their intention to either stay or leave their employer within the SMME sector