Research Outputs (Oral Health Sciences)

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Start date: 1989End date: 1989

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    Social class and dental caries in 11-12-year-old South African schoolchildren
    (1989) Cleaton-Jones, P.; Hargreaves, J. A.; Williams, S. D. L.; et al.
    The objective of this study was to examine effects of social class on dental caries in five African populations. Definitions of social class that could be used for the different ethnic groups are outlined. A total of 1 154 children from rural black, urban black, urban Indian, urban coloured and urban white groups were clinically examined and classified into social class by parental occupations. Within group comparisons showed no statistically significant differences in DMFT or DMFS scores by social class. Comparison of the urban white children to a similar group in South Wales showed slightly lower caries in South African children of similar social class. The complexity of the different ethnic groups in South Africa, in respect of social classification, is difficult to assess for comparison with social systems in developed countries. It is recommended that an appropriate social classification be developed for South Africa ’s developed/developing population mixture. Also as we enter the 1990’s sound baseline caries data need to be collected for longitudinal evaluation of changes in the disease pattern
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    Depth and area of dental erosions, and dental caries, in bulimic women
    (Sage Pub, 1989) Jones, R. R. H.; Cleaton-Jones, P.
    Dental caries and the severity (depth) and area of erosions of tooth substance were studied in 11 bulimic subjects and 22 matched controls. Erosions were seen in 69% of the bulimics' teeth and in only 7% of the controls' (p less than 0.001). Depth of penetration was greater in the bulimics, extending even into the pulp, and the area of erosion was also larger. Scores for dental caries were higher in bulimics (mean DMFS 27.9, median 36) than in controls (mean DMFS 19.1, median 13.5), although the difference was not statistically significant. This study suggests that when erosions are present on the lingual surfaces of maxillary anterior teeth, as well as on the buccal surfaces of maxillary canines, premolars, and maxillary incisors, a diagnosis of bulimia is likely. Patients with these signs should be referred for medical help.
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    Hypocalcification and hypoplasia in primary teeth of pre-school children from different ethnic groups in South Africa
    (1989) Hargreaves, J. A.; Cleaton-Jones, P. E.; Roberts, G. J.; Et al
    A study was completed in 1985/86 which examined the dental health of pre-school children from different ethnic groups and communities in South Africa: rural black, urban black, urban colored, urban Indian, and urban white. Enamel defects were recorded in primary teeth by use of the HHI, an index developed to measure hypocalcification and hypoplasia of enamel. The findings showed that colored children had the greatest number of enamel defects. The teeth most commonly affected were the maxillary anterior teeth and mandibular molar teeth. It is suggested that further epidemiological studies utilizing the HHI should be undertaken in pre-school children, especially from developing countries, to gain more information on the causes of enamel defects in the primary dentition and the possible use of such findings to predict nutritional health of individuals.
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    Hypocalcification and hypoplasia in permanent teeth of children from different ethnic groups in South Africa assessed with a new index
    (1989) Hargreaves, J. A.; Cleaton-Jones, P. E.; Williams, S. D. L.
    A new descriptive index, the HHI (hypocalcification-hypoplasia index), is described for comparing enamel defects in groups of people. The index was used in a study completed in 1986, in which 1251 11-year-old children from different ethnic groups resident in South Africa were examined: 210 rural black, 203 urban black, 206 urban colored, 426 urban Indian, and 206 urban white. The index can be used as a screening examination, and the results from these different ethnic groups are presented.