Implementing electric vehicle focused tariff structures to support electric vehicle adoption and rooftop solar PV integration

Abstract

The research work proposed a three-part dynamic distribution tariff structure comprising of the energy charge (as a price signal for energy efficient consumption), the network losses charge (as a price signal for energy efficient consumption) and the maximum demand charge (as a price signal for managing local transformer rating violation). The novel part of the proposed tariff is that the network voltage violation and network equipment rating violation will be managed by sending price signals to customers. The energy charge will differ during the day due to the dispatch of generation plants according to the merit order. This makes the tariff time-of -use based. Different ramp rates are applied with the slope of the ramp function based on the averaged local transformer loading to defer costly infrastructure upgrades. The hypothesis is that if tariffs are based on the costs of meeting demand, the customers will have incentives to modify their usage behaviour in ways that reduce the overall network costs