Genetic knowledge, opinions and practices amongst general practitioners

Abstract

ABSTRACT Medical Genetics is playing a greater role in healthcare than ever before. The question arises though, as to whether these scientific advances are moving swiftly enough from the field of science to the practices of general practitioners (GPs) of medicine. In general, since the introduction of genetic services in South Africa (SA) in 1971 (Jenkins, 1990), knowledge and attitudes regarding the utilization of these services have often been confused. Medical institutions and practicing doctors are sometimes unaware of the important intricacies of genetics that may impact on their patients. Genetic counselling is underutilized and many genetic conditions are neither recognised nor diagnosed. Medical Genetics is an important part of complete patient care, but in SA it has lagged far behind in areas such as health service and education. The aims of this study were to assess and analyze the current genetic knowledge and attitudes that are in place amongst GPs in the Gauteng province of SA, and to obtain a clearer understanding of their opinions towards genetic counselling. A researcher-designed questionnaire was posted to 1091 GPs in the Gauteng area. Approximately 6.7% of this target group replied. Fifty-one face-to-face interviews using the same questionnaire were also conducted by the researcher so that first hand responses could be recorded. The findings from all data collected show that there are many areas where knowledge could be improved. Whilst genetics and genetic counselling is held in high regard, and deemed important in the primary care context by GPs, it is generally viewed to be out of their area of expertise. Genetic education programs aimed at improving GP awareness and knowledge are thus recommended to enhance the quality of patient care.