Novavax NVX‑COV2373 triggers neutralization of Omicron sub‑lineages

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dc.contributor.authorBhiman, Jinal N.
dc.contributor.authorSimone I. Richardson
dc.contributor.authorLambson, Bronwen E.
dc.contributor.authorKgagudi, Prudence
dc.contributor.authorMzindle, Nonkululeko
dc.contributor.authorKaldine, Haajira
dc.contributor.authorCrowther, Carol
dc.contributor.authorGray, Glenda
dc.contributor.authorBekker, Linda‑Gail
dc.contributor.authorShinde, Vivek
dc.contributor.authorBennett, Chijioke
dc.contributor.authorGlenn, Gregory M.
dc.contributor.authorMadh, Shabir A.
dc.contributor.authorMoore, Penny L.
dc.date.accessioned2026-04-29T12:43:33Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.description.abstractThe SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (B.1.1.529) Variant of Concern (VOC) and its sub-lineages (including BA.2, BA.4, BA.5, BA.2.12.1) contain spike mutations that confer high level resistance to neutralizing antibodies induced by vaccination with ancestral spike or infection with previously circulating variants. The NVX-CoV2373 vaccine, a protein nanoparticle vaccine containing the ancestral spike sequence, has value in countries with constrained cold-chain requirements. Here we report neutralizing titers following two or three doses of NVX-CoV2373. We show that after two doses, Omicron sub-lineages BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 were resistant to neutralization by 72% (21/29) and 59% (17/29) of samples respectively. However, after a third dose of NVX-CoV2373, we observed high titers against Omicron BA.1 (GMT: 1,197) and BA.4/BA.5 (GMT: 582), with responses similar in magnitude to those triggered by three doses of an mRNA vaccine. These data are of particular relevance as BA.4/BA.5 is dominating in multiple locations, and highlight the potential utility of the NVX-CoV2373 vaccine as a booster in resource-limited environments.
dc.description.sponsorshipSouth African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Innovation. SA Medical Research Council SHIP program. Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA). Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.
dc.description.submitterPM2026
dc.facultyFaculty of Health Sciences
dc.identifier0000-0001-6354-4003
dc.identifier0000-0001-7678-2609
dc.identifier.citationBhiman, J.N., Richardson, S.I., Lambson, B.E. et al. Novavax NVX-COV2373 triggers neutralization of Omicron sub-lineages. Sci Rep 13, 1222 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-27698-x
dc.identifier.issn2045-2322 (online)
dc.identifier.other10.1038/s41598-023-27698-x
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10539/49128
dc.journal.titleScientific Reports
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherNature Research
dc.rights© 2023. Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
dc.schoolSchool of Pathology
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant
dc.subjectVariant of Concern
dc.subjectNVX-CoV2373 vaccine
dc.subjectCOVID-19
dc.subjectSouth Africa
dc.subjectInfectious diseases
dc.subjectSARS-CoV-2
dc.subjectVaccines
dc.subject.primarysdgSDG-3: Good health and well-being
dc.titleNovavax NVX‑COV2373 triggers neutralization of Omicron sub‑lineages
dc.typeArticle

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