An urban risks and reconstruction model

Abstract

Abstract This paper tests the applicability of Michael Cernea’s Risks and Reconstruction model to an urban context. It tests the model by using the relocation of an urban informal settlement near Germiston and the consequent relocation of its residents to Tsakane Extension 10, as a case study. This paper outlines Cernea’s model and then discusses the strengths and weaknesses of his model and its applicability to an urban context. The data from the Makause case study, in addition to literature on relocations, demonstrates the need for the redefinition of Cernea’s risks and for a new Urban Risks and Reconstruction Model. The remainder of the paper develops the case for a two-part Urban Model. The first part addresses the risks that urban dislocated communities face and the second part discusses ways these risks can be countered.