Application of biocatalysts in the resolution of peptidomimetic compounds from multi-component reactions

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dc.contributor.authorKola, Fatima
dc.date.accessioned2018-01-03T07:18:51Z
dc.date.available2018-01-03T07:18:51Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.descriptionA dissertation submitted to the Faculty of Science University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg in fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science. May 2017.en_ZA
dc.description.abstractA library of potentially bioactive peptidomimetic compounds has been created using the Ugi and Passerini multi-component reactions. The products were isolated as racemic mixtures which we aimed to separate by enzymatic means. The Ugi enantiomers were obtained in exceedingly low yields due to considerable byproduct formation encountered with the use of ammonia as reactant and methanol as solvent. A threefold increase in the yields was achieved when employing the less nucleophilic 2,2,2-trifluoroethanol as solvent. An endeavour to resolve the racemates using proteases and penicillin G acylase proved unsuccessful, possibly attributable to the poor solubility of the Ugi products in a broad range of organic solvents. Enantiomers obtained from the Passerini reaction were efficaciously hydrolysed by lipase enzymes. Hence, the enantioselectivity of the hydrolysis reactions was explored by the employment of chiral HPLC and Mosher ester analysis. The biocatalysts displayed adequate selectivity for one of the adducts, making prospective separation of the racemic mixture viable. An investigation into the diastereoselectivity of the Passerini reaction was also performed. The application of phenylalanine-derived chiral starting materials in the reaction was seen to have a slight effect on reaction diastereoselectivity, giving on average a 2:1 diastereomeric ratio. Slightly greater d.r. values were obtained when bulkier isocyanides were employed. The diastereomeric mixtures were effectively separated via preparative HPLC to obtain pure compounds. 13C NMR spectroscopy indicated a trend in the chemical shift values for the newly formed stereogenic carbon centres for most of the two separated diastereomers. The C-2 values of most of the minor diastereomers appeared more downfield in comparison to the major diastereomers. Distinguishing the stereochemistry of the major and minor diastereomers through X-ray crystallography was not possible as the compounds were non-crystalline. Thus the configurations of the newly formed stereogenic centres of the major compounds were assigned by analogy with similar compounds previously identified in our laboratory. The major compounds were described as R at the newly formed stereogenic centre when L-phenylalaninal was used, and the minor products S. When D-phenylalaninal was used, the major diastereomer was assigned an S configuration at the newly formed stereocentre and the minor one was assigned R. The formation of the major diastereomer could be explained using a Felkin-Anh chelation controlled model, which has been observed in other reactions of mono protected amino aldehydes.en_ZA
dc.description.librarianXL2018en_ZA
dc.format.extentOnline resource (156 leaves)
dc.identifier.citationKola, Fatima (2017) Application of biocatalysts in the resolution of peptidomimetic compounds from multi-component reactions, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, <http://hdl.handle.net/10539/23583>
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10539/23583
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.subject.lcshEnzymes
dc.titleApplication of biocatalysts in the resolution of peptidomimetic compounds from multi-component reactionsen_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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