A case control study of candidemia in very low birthweight infants in a tertiary hospital in Johannesburg

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dc.contributor.authorMalunga, Carol Jacobeth
dc.date.accessioned2020-02-27T10:45:31Z
dc.date.available2020-02-27T10:45:31Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.descriptionA research report submitted to Faculty of Health Sciences, as a requirement for completion of Masters of Medicine in Paediatrics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 2018en_ZA
dc.description.abstractBackground. Candidemia is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in infants. The mortality rate ranges between 21% and 76%. Non-albicans candida (NAC) is increasing in incidence and resistance to azoles. Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants have numerous risk factors which predispose them as a group to invasive candidemia. Methods. A retrospective case control study of candidemia in VLBW infants admitted to the neonatal unit at Charlotte Maxeke Johannesburg Hospital (CMJAH) between 01 January 2015 to 31 December 2017 was undertaken. Clinical and demographic characteristics of VLBW infants who developed candidemia, commonest Candida species, antifungal susceptibility profiles and outcomes defined as death were identified. 71 infants with confirmed positive blood cultures for candidemia from the NHLS database were selected and each case was allocated 3 controls; the final sample comprised 284 infants. Results. Bacterial sepsis, chronic lung disease (CLD), necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) and NEC surgery, other surgery, anaemia and ventilation, all showed a strong association with development of candidemia in the infants. The most common isolate was Candida parapsilosis (59.1%), followed by Candida albicans (30.9%). The cases of candidemia overall and NAC isolates increased over the study years. Resistance to azoles by NAC was demonstrated. Mortality was 31.2% and 28.2% in controls and cases respectively. The difference in death between the two groups was not statistically significant. 7 A research report submitted to Faculty of Health Sciences WITS, as a requirement for completion of Masters of Medicine; Paediatrics. Johannesburg, South Africa 2018. Conclusions. The study demonstrated a predominance of NAC isolates, increasing rate of candidemia and increased resistance to azoles. Stricter infection control measures and medical intervention strategies should be implementeden_ZA
dc.description.librarianGR 2020en_ZA
dc.facultyFaculty of Health Sciencesen_ZA
dc.format.extentOnline resource (36 leaves)
dc.identifier.citationMalunga, Carol Jacobeth (2019) A case control study of candidaemia in very low birth weight infants at a tertiary hospital in Johannesburg, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, <http://hdl.handle.net/10539/28979>
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10539/28979
dc.language.isoenen_ZA
dc.subject.meshInfant, low birth weight
dc.subject.meshBirth weight
dc.titleA case control study of candidemia in very low birthweight infants in a tertiary hospital in Johannesburgen_ZA
dc.typeThesisen_ZA
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