Insights into perceptions on threats to the sustainability of ecotourism: A study of Mpumalanga-based ecotourism managers
Date
2014-08-06
Authors
Mokoena, Mandla
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Abstract
In an age where accountability can no longer be evaded, sustainability is fast
becoming a global standard. Contemplations beyond the bottom line have taken on
increased significance with the assimilation of social and environmental
considerations of the business concern. In the face of these developments
ecotourism has emerged as a form of sustainable tourism within the sustainability
paradigm and is anticipated; to boost conservation efforts, economic development
and to significantly improve the standards of living of the residents of surrounding
communities in developing countries. Notwithstanding marked progress and
developments following the country’s political dispensation, South Africa is still
plagued with the notorious trifecta; poverty, unemployment and inequality. If
ecotourism is to be successful in its attempts to significantly alleviate these, factors
that inhibit it progress need to be firstly identified then conscientiously evaluated. It is
worthwhile to assess these from the vantage point of the managers of ecotourism
businesses; who as a consequence of their occupations contend with these on a
daily basis and as such a have accumulated a wealth of knowledge through their
experience in the industry.
This research set out to investigate what ecotourism managers as the vanguards of
the sustainability movement within the tourism industry; perceive as threats to the
sector and to evaluate their efficacy in responding to these. This study additionally
reviews the managers’ perceptions at a meso-level; in an attempt to garner their
personal dispositions towards sustainability and ecotourism and the nexus between
these, in order to explore possible solutions.
The study identified a number of domestic threats to the sustainability of ecotourism;
classified as either internal or external to the ecotourism business concern. The
effective management of these requires a number of different interventions
depending on the imminence of the risks themselves and the scope of the risks to
the affected organisation. Suffice to say adequate financial and organisational
backing as well as support from key stakeholders is vital to the successful
implementation of sustainable tourism business practices within ecotourism.