3. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - All submissions
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Item Land ownership, tenure and subjective well-being in South Africa(2019) Phalatse, SoniaThe dual land tenure system, characteristic of South Africa’s land economy, is comprised of private ownership and communal land ownership presided over by a traditional council. This paper has two main findings in relation to land tenure in South Africa: owning land, compared to not owning land, and owning land privately, compared to owning land communally, has a positive, statistically significant impact on subjective well-being. Using waves 4 and 5 of the National Income Dynamics Study (NIDS) longitudinal dataset, a set of econometric methodologies is employed to quantify the impact of ownership and tenure on self-reported well-being using an ordinary least squares estimation as a point of analytical departure. To account for possible endogeneity stemming from self-selection and unobserved heterogeneity, an instrumental variable, propensity score method and Heckman’s ordered selection probit model is computed. A persistent positive effect of land ownership and private ownership on subjective well-being is found across the various estimation strategies. Further robustness checks are assessed to increase the internal validity of the main methodology; this includes a mixed effects and ordered logit approach that treats subjective well-being as ordinal. The estimated increases in subjective well-being ranges between 0.348 to 0.466 levels for landowners and 0.277 to 0.331 levels for private owners.Item A precarious success : land reform and governance of the commons at the Amangcolosi Community Trust(2016) Tekié, AmyThis study explores the land restitution experience of the Amangcolosi Community Trust, to understand what factors have allowed them to build a thriving land reform project in a terrain riddled with dysfunctional community property institutions and under-utilised land. The case of the neighbouring Gayede Trust, with a shared history, is used as a secondary case for comparison. The research considers what factors contribute to effective communal property management, as well as the role of government, the traditional authority, and commercial partners in contributing to or hindering success. It also explores what factors have allowed for alleged co-option of resources by elites, and the role of corruption and mismanagement by government in jeopardising the community’s success. Finally, it discusses the importance of accountability from both the top-down and bottom-up if land reform is to avoid ongoing repetitions of the tragedy of the commons.Item Urban land tenure and public policy challenges: the case of access, ownership and use in Phokeng(2016) Kadungure, IvanThe study focuses on the lived experiences of indigenous and traditional community of Phokeng in the process of urbanising. It is a community affected by unclarified policies and documents to secure their tenure. Phokeng community in Rustenburg is approximately 200 km to the west of Johannesburg. The research revealed that the rural and marginalised of Phokeng is now becoming urbanised and that there is inadequacy of legislation or policy to guarantee security of tenure in an area a under traditional authority. The community has historically depended on oral information and storytelling. A total of thirty informants were surveyed in the community. The study elicited information on informant’s understanding of security of tenure, the role they played to secure tenure to their land. It also probed, their awareness of developmental policies affecting their activities and expectations. The study revealed that people did not have title to the land they occupied but were very content that they were safe from evictions because the traditional leader and his traditional authority provided the guarantee. There is need for further research on why people in traditional authority areas that are in the process of urbanising would be content to live on land on which they do not have registered tenure rights.