3. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - All submissions
Permanent URI for this communityhttps://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/handle/10539/45
Browse
3 results
Search Results
Item The knowledge level of critical care nurses about cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines at a University affiliated public sector hospital in Johannesburg(2017) Moepeng, MphoBackground: Cardiac arrest remains a leading cause of sudden death worldwide. Provision of high quality CPR, in case of cardiac arrest, increases chances of patient survival, therefore, nurses as front-line patient caregivers are expected to be knowledgeable and skilful in providing CPR to cardiac arrest victims. Objective: The goal of this study was to investigate critical care nurses’ knowledge of evidence based guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation in a university affiliated public sector hospital in Johannesburg, and to establish if there is an association between qualification (Trauma and Emergency nurses and Intensive Care nurses) and years of experience (<10 years and >10 years) on knowledge of evidence-based guidelines of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was utilised in this study to elicit the knowledge of critical care nurses on the current cardiopulmonary resuscitation guidelines. The setting for this study was the two adult emergency departments (Trauma and Medical) and five (n=5) adult Intensive Care Units of a 1,200 bed capacity public sector hospital in Johannesburg. The ICUs included Trauma, Cardiothoracic, Coronary care, Neurosurgery and multidisciplinary or general units. The population of the study involved all critical care registered nurses currently working in the adult Emergency Departments and Intensive Care Units, and all nurses with specialty education and training in Trauma and Emergency Nursing and Intensive Care Nursing were eligible for participation in this study. The total sample of registered critical care nurses (N=96) was used. In this study, a non-probability purposive sampling method was used to select participants. The data collection tool was a self-administered questionnaire with two parts. The first section collected demographic data of the participants, while the second section employed 20 multiple choice questions based on the latest AHA guidelines for adult CPR. The knowledge level of critical care nurses was classified as sufficient for participants who answered correctly at least 17 of 20 questions (>85%) and insufficient for less than 17 out of 20 questions (total score <85%), according to the AHA accreditation criteria. Reliability was determined by means of a pilot study, and validity through a panel of experts. Results: Nurses had insufficient knowledge of the current AHA guidelines for cardiopulmonary resuscitation as none could attain the minimum score of 85% .There was no association between post-basic specialisation, years of nursing experience and scoring in the CPR knowledge test. In conclusion, all critical care nurses had insufficient knowledge of the current AHA guidelines for CPR.Item Audit of pre hospital paediatric resuscitation(2019) Coetzee, Abraham JacobusIntroduction: Survival after paediatric pre-hospital cardiac arrest (CA) remains low at 4-13%. Research confirms that certain non-modifiable and modifiable factors of CA are associated with the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC). However, no such study has been conducted in the African context. Methods: A retrospective descriptive audit was performed on all paediatric patients that received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) at a private South African Emergency Medical Services (EMS) agency (n=195) from 1 January 2011 until 1 January 2015. Non-modifiable and modifiable factors of CA were captured on an Utstein-style reporting template and the association with ROSC calculated. Results: Regarding non-modifiable factors, the majority of the cases were among males (n=122; 62.6%), aged 6-12 years (n=57; 29.2%) with the initial rhythm of asystole (n=104; 53.3%). Most of the cases were medical as opposed to trauma - related (n=130; 66.7%), of which drowning was the most common aetiology (n=62; 31.8%). Regarding modifiable factors, 21.5% of the cases were EMS witnessed. Bystander CPR prior to EMS arrival was initiated in 44.6% of the cases. The most common intervention provided by EMS was advanced airways (n=152; 77.9%), administration of adrenaline (n=151; 77.8%), intravenous access (n=113; 58.5%) and defibrillation (n=22; 11.3%). Transportation to the emergency department occurred in 45.1% of the cases, and ROSC was achieved in 42 cases (21.5%). An initial rhythm of Pulseless Electrical Activity (odds ratio=4.58; 95% CI 1.97-10.64) was the only non-modifiable factor, and bystander CPR (odds ratio=2.16; 95% CI 1.08-4.33) was the only modifiable factor significantly associated with ROSC. Conclusion: Prevention is the most effective way to avoid deaths in paediatrics. In this study, the only modifiable factor of CA was bystander CPR, highlighting that more should be done to raise the awareness and skills of citizens in the performance of basic life support.Item Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) competence among advanced student nurses in a Kenyan medical training college(2008-03-12T08:30:51Z) Kipsang, JohnABSTRACT Nurses’ Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) competence has been a subject of many research studies. The need for nurses to be competent in CPR is not debatable, because nurses are expected to preserve and promote life. This study assessed and compared CPR competence between two groups of Advanced Student Nurses in a Kenyan Medical Training College. The study used a descriptive comparative design. The participants were assigned to two groups based on the CPR training they had received. Group I had Advanced Life Support (ALS) training n=23 (comprised ICU advanced nursing students) and group II had Basic Life Support (BLS) training n=48 (comprised Midwifery, Ophthalmic, Community and Psychiatric advanced nursing students). The study sample constituted 71 participants of whom 28.2% were males and 71.8 % were females. Out of the 71 students who took part in the study only five attained the competence score, the remaining 66 failed the competence test. The five who passed the competence score were from the ALS group. The null hypothesis tested in the study was subjected to paired t-test and a p-value of p= 0.0001 was obtained. The null hypothesis was thus rejected based on this finding. The study confirmed previous findings that nurses CPR competence is below the expectation and the difference in training for the two groups of Advanced Student Nurses.