3. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - All submissions
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Item Assessing Japan’s ownership promotion within Africa: cases of Tanzania and Ghana(2018) Zulu, NtlakaniphoThis research aims to look within Japan’s efforts to promote ownership within Africa throughout the platform of the Tokyo International Conference on African Development (TICAD). The conference emphasises the disbursement of Official Development Assistance as a pivotal tool to fostering self-help within the continent of Africa. The research will assess whether Japan’s efforts in Africa have promoted a level of ownership within Africa by looking at the cases of Tanzania and Ghana. As two of Japan’s major African recipients of ODA during the past 5 years, these countries will provide good grounds to evaluate Japan’s engagement with African states by focusing on development projects that have been implemented through ODA within these two countries. Overall, the paper will give an efficient test of Japan’s aid performance and reflect on the viability of the TICAD platform as a harbinger of development in Africa.Item Interactions of stock market turnover and exchange rate volatility as determinants of net FDI inflows into emerging economies: an African empirical analysis(2018) Mokgosi, IpelengInvestment by multinational firms into emerging markets can simply be put down to the attraction to new markets and their attractive operating environments. The cost of operation and ultimate profit will depend on the exchange rate between home country and foreign country. This study analyses the effects that African country exchange rate volatility and its’ interactions with stock market activity against G-7 nations has on the net foreign direct investment inflows into Africa. GARCH (1, 1), VAR and VECM methods were used for estimation of the results in this study. The findings are that stock market activity does drive the volatility of the exchange rate over an annual basis in some cases. Additionally, the exchange rate volatility is simply not a causal influence on whether more investment money flows into and African country versus flowing outItem China and Japan in Africa: the case of FOCAC and TIDAL(2017) Monyae, LennonThis dissertation investigates FOCAC and TICAD contributions towards development on the African continent. The research explains the architecture of the latter conference diplomacy institutions. Japan and China are argued to be competing through evidence from the different fields that give foreign assistance to. Jospeh Nye’s soft power as theoretical framework will guide the research’s understanding of Chinese and Japanese engagements in African development. The research found that FOCAC outweighed TICAD in financial contributions however TICAD through JICA had more grassroots level contributions. China was seen to be focused on bilateral relations aimed at supporting state-led companies in big infrastructure development. Japan is argued to be more engaging with external actors while supporting African development and in addition, showed more support for the African Union’s policies. China has ‘win-win’ and Japan has ‘partnership’ both in line with African Pan -African ideals. Africans are lacking policy and guidelines in dealing with foreign partners and argued to organise themselves and respond to Japanese and Chinese interests collectively. Agenda 2063 that mentions external partners as a source of funding for development is not enough to use a policy. African development policies are seen to have failed previously due to unfulfilled promises from external partners. The research argues that African people should take FOCAC and TICAD as learning spaces and take a leadership role in their own development.Item Economic partnership agreements negotiations: understanding the responses of Nigeria and South Africa(2016-10-28) Ndlovu, SabeloThe Post-colonial era trade relations between Europe and Africa, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) countries has been regulated by a number of economic cooperation agreements, namely the Yaoundé, Lomé, and Cotonou Conventions to the current Economic Partnership Agreements (EPAs) that had recently been concluded in the ECOWAS and SADC sub regions respectively. The EPAs negotiations have been marred with challenges particularly in Africa; with many countries having responded by not signing Interim EPAs and Nigeria has also stated they will not be concluding the EPA. Nigeria and South Africa have responded to the current negotiations in differing ways nonetheless their responses were somewhat similar. This study will attempt to understand and systematically explain Nigeria’s and South Africa’s positions on the EPAs negotiations process. In order to gain the understanding the study investigates whether EPAs negotiations stalled due to the influence and/or responses of Nigeria and South Africa? The factors involved in the negotiations that may explain the responses. What consequences the principle of reciprocity has on the responses Nigeria and South Africa? This research is going to be desk research using process tracing to systematically analyse the development of the negotiations between the EC and ACP countries particular attention being afforded to Africa and the resulting responses by Nigeria and South Africa. Some of the findings are that in the case of South Africa the principle of reciprocity was not a major factor in shaping South Africa’s responses to the negotiations, whereas the opposite holds true for Nigeria. Regional integration played a major part in the case of Nigeria.Item Infrastructure, FDI and manufacturing exports in Africa: the firm level analysis(2015-05-15) Moyo, BusaniThe primary aIm of this study is to investigate the role that is played by the quality of infrastructure on export participation and on foreign direct investment using firm level data from the World Bank and employing maximum likelihood techniques such as the Tobit and Probit models. Results show that firm size, foreign ownership, internet access, international distance, electricity, customs and generator ownership matter in influencing export participation. Thus the reason why very few firms in Africa are outward oriented is partly because of poor market access and poor electricity and customs infrastructure. Ln the case of foreign direct investment (FDI) results show that foreign firms are attracted to a market, bigger in size and that market access is also very important. FDI results also show that a big market in an environment characterized by acute power problems negatively affects market seeking FDI. Customs problems generally have a weak negative effect on the probability to be foreign invested particularly inward FDI, but days to export matter to outward looking foreign producers. Water problems do not seem to matter for both FDI firms and exporters in this study. In light of these findings, there is need therefore for the government in collaboration with multilateral institutions like the World Bank, United Nations and other donor agencies to mobilise resources to improve Africa's infrastructure facilities particularly customs, power and international transport facilities . This could also be done by involving the private sector through various Public Private Partnership arrangements.