School of Public Health (Journal Articles)

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/10539/37879

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Subject: search.filters.subject.SDG-10: Reduced inequalities

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    Impact of witnessing abuse of their mother and childhood trauma on men’s perpetration of intimate partner violence in the cross-sectional UN multi-country study on men and violence in Asia and the Pacific
    (Elsevier, 2025-01) Jewkes, Rachel; Shai, Nwabisa; Chirwa, Esnat; Naved, Ruchira Tabassum; Abrahams, Naeema; Ramsoomar, Leane; Dekel, Bianca; Gibbs, Andrew; Nothling, Jani; Willan, Samantha
    Trauma exposure and witnessing intimate partner violence (IPV) in childhood are recognised risk factors for IPV. Using the UN Multi-country Study on Men and Violence in Asia and the Pacific dataset, we describe the pathways through which they influence adult IPV perpetration. Methods: In nine sites, from six countries, data were collected in a two-stage, randomly-selected household survey, with one man aged 18–49 years interviewed per house. 8379 interviews were completed with ever partnered men in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, Indonesia, Papua New Guinea (Bougainville) and Sri Lanka. We present a Structural Equation Model (SEM) to understand paths through which childhood trauma and witnessing IPV impacted perpetration of physical or sexual IPV in adulthood. Results: Among the men, 25.5% had witnessed IPV, 47.0% had perpetrated physical or sexual IPV. Both wit nessing IPV and childhood trauma elevated the likelihood of such perpetration. The SEM showed four paths from witnessing IPV and childhood trauma to the latent variable for physical/sexual IPV perpetration. One was direct and three indirect. Paths were mediated by food insecurity, depression, and a latent variable measuring gender inequitable and anti-social masculinities. The masculinity variable indicators were drug use, harmful alcohol use, bullying, gang membership, fighting with other men, having sex with a sex worker and having raped a non partner. The direct and indirect effects showed both childhood trauma and witnessing maternal IPV to be important, but childhood trauma the more so. Conclusions: Both childhood trauma and witnessing IPV were important in driving IPV perpetration, with in dependent effects, however, broader childhood trauma exposure was most strongly associated. The effects were mediated by food insecurity, depression and gender inequitable and anti-social masculinities, all recognised risk factors for IPV perpetration. Thus, gender transformative IPV prevention interventions that include mental health and economic elements can mitigate the influence of these key exposures.
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    Urban residence and elevated blood pressure among migrant women in South Africa
    (Elsevier) Pheiffer, Chantel F.; McGarvey, Stephen T.; Ginsburg, Carren; White, Michael
    This paper demonstrates that internal migration may be contributing to rising non-communicable disease risk in low- and middle-income countries in gendered and geographically differentiated ways. With 2018 baseline data from the Migrant Health Follow-Up Study, we investigate the relationship between internal migration and elevated blood pressure (BP) among 2163 rural-origin men and women in South Africa, testing for sex differences. To examine the influence of place, we test whether the migration-BP relationship differs by migrants’ destination locations, controlling for household composition, social support, prior migration, and housing quality. We find that migration is associated with elevated BP only among women, and that this association is greatest for migrants living in Tembisa township. Our research underscores that gender and migration are important social determinants of noncommunicable disease risk in low-resource, rapidly-urbanizing settings.