Research Outputs (Oral Health Sciences)

Now showing 1 - 10 of 15

Advances in osteogenin and related bone morphogenetic proteins in bone induction and repair
(1992) Luyten, F. P.; Cunningham, N. S.; Vukicevic, S.; et al
Bone matrix is a repository of growth and differentiation factors as demonstrated by the induction of local cartilage and bone formation in rats. The bone inductive activity, termed osteogenin, can be dissociatively extracted, and it was isolated by heparin affinity, hydroxyapatite and molecular sieve chromatography. Osteogenin has been purified to homogeneity from bovine bone matrix and the sequences of several tryptic peptides have been determined. The sequences were similar to portions of the amino acid sequence deduced from the cDNA clone of bone morphogenetic protein-3 (BMP-3). The carboxyl-terminal quarter of osteogenin has sequence identity to the corresponding regions of two related proteins BMP-2A and BMP-2B. The bone inductive proteins are members of the TGF-beta superfamily, by virtue of the location of the highly conserved cysteines in their carboxyl-terminal region. Osteogenin and related BMPs initiate cartilage and bone formation in vivo. The study of the mechanism of action of these proteins will add considerable new information on the molecular signals controlling endochondral bone formation. In vitro data indicate that osteogenin stimulates the expression of the osteogenic and chondrogenic phenotypes. Our results demonstrate their profound influence on proteoglycan synthesis and degradation in bovine cartilage explant cultures. High affinity specific binding sites have been identified in both MC3T3 cells and articular chondrocytes. In vivo experiments demonstrate the efficacy of primate osteogenin in restoring large calvarial defects in adult baboons, establishing a primary role for osteogenin in therapeutic initiation and promotion of osteogenesis.
Social class, parents' education and dental caries in 3- to 5-year-old children
(1990) Chosack, A.; Cleaton-Jones, P.; Matejka, J.; et al
The caries prevalence of 1273-, 4- and 5-y-old white children was determined with mirror and probe under natural light at mother and child clinics. The social class of the family, the educational level of the mother and that of the father were determined from a questionnaire filled in by the accompanying adult at the time of examination. Both social class and parent's education had a statistically significant influence on the caries prevalence: those in the lower social classes and with parents without tertiary education had a much higher prevalence of caries
Desegregating health statistics and health research in South Africa
(1997) Walker, A. R. P.; Sitas, F.; Cleaton-Jones, P. E.; et al
Permanent denition caries in KwaZulu and Namibia 11-year-olds
(1990) Hargreaves, J. A.; Cleaton-Jones, P.; Matejka, J.; et al
The permanent dentitions of 11-year-old children in Namibia (n = 295) and KwaZulu (n = 308) living in rural and urban areas were examined using WHO caries diagnostic criteria. In low fluoride areas (less than 0.15 ppmF) significantly more caries was present in rural compared to urban KwaZulu but the prevalences in rural and urban Namibia were similar although significantly higher than in an area with 1.56ppmF in the drinking water. There was significantly more caries in rural Namibia than KwaZulu but the urban prevalences in both regions were similar. It is suggested that the urban findings are useful predictors for the needs of 11-year-old black children but local baseline surveys should be undertaken before considering dental programmes, treatment or preventive, for different rural communities in South Africa.
Comparison of three anaesthetic scavenging devices using cuffed and non-cuffed nasal endotracheal tubes during dental anaesthesia
(1981) Moyes, D.; Cleaton-Jones, P.; Shaw, R.; et al
Virodene — support misguided
(1997) Kalk, W. J.; Cleaton-Jones, P. E.; Allwood, C. W.; et al
Accurate diagnosis of occlusal carious lesions - a stereo microscope evaluation of clinical diagnosis
(2002) Grossman, E. S.; Cleaton-Jones, P. E.; Côrtes, D. F.; et al
This study was undertaken to validate the caries status of 214 teeth by serial sectioning and microscopy after caries diagnosis using four methods. Two hundred and fourteen extracted human teeth with varying degrees of caries were mounted in the jaws of nine training manikins. All tooth surfaces were examined and recorded for caries by four dentists using bitewing radiographs, fibre-optic transillumination (FOTI), mirror alone and a mirror and sharp probe on two separate occasions. Thereafter the teeth were serially sectioned and assessed microscopically for depth of caries lesion on a graded score of 0-7. This report assessed the diagnostic outcome of 2,183 observations for occlusal surfaces. Sound diagnoses predominated over unsound until caries was present in the inner half of dentine. Specificity was between 90% and 95% and sensitivity 26% and 50% depending on which diagnostic method was used and where the sound/unsound threshold was set. Negative and positive predictive values were similarly influenced and varied between 53% and 80% and 73% and 90%, respectively. Probit analysis showed no significant differences (P < 0.05) between examiners and diagnostic methods. Diagnosis of occlusal caries undertaken in an in vitro simulated clinical situation is inaccurate until the caries lesion extends deep into the dentine no matter which of the four methods was used.
Induced exchange of fluids in the treatment of post-traumatic infective lesions
(1968) Retief, D. J.; Dreyer, C. J.; Retief, D. H.; et al
An evaluation of an in vivo enamel acid etch biopsy technique for fluoride determination
(1974) van der Merwe, E H M; Retief, D H; Barbakow, F H; et al
The quantitative analysis of Cr, Ba, Sb, Ag, Zn, Co and Fe in normal human enamel and dentine by neutron activation and high resolution gamma-spectrometry
(1970) Retief, D. H.; Cleaton-Jones, P. E.; Turkstra, J.; et al

Research Outputs (Oral Health Sciences)

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