ETD Collection

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://wiredspace.wits.ac.za/handle/10539/104


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    Policy for managing access to intelligence information in post-apartheid South Africa
    (2008-03-10T12:27:41Z) Africa, Sandra Elizabeth
    ABSTRACT Under apartheid, the South African intelligence services operated in secrecy and without the framework of a Constitution upholding basic human rights. The situation changed drastically with the introduction of a democratic political dispensation in 1994, and with the adoption of the Republic of South Africa Constitution Act, 1996. One of the fundamental rights contained in the Bill of Rights (Chapter 2 of the Constitution) was the right of access to information. The subsequent passage of legislation to give effect to this right, required all state structures - including the civilian intelligence services, the National Intelligence Agency and the South African Secret Service - to actively disclose information about themselves, and to receive and respond to requests for access to records that were made in terms of the enabling legislation. The main issue with which the study is concerned - the balance between secrecy and transparency in a democracy - is one of a wider set of concerns related to democratic control and accountability of the intelligence and security services. The study explores policy options for reconciling the public’s right to information with the intelligence services’ need for a degree of secrecy with which to conduct their work. Inter alia, it compares the policy choices of three countries about how their intelligence services should function in relation to access to information legislation. The research reveals that there was uneven and erratic compliance by the intelligence services with key provisions of the Promotion of Access to Information Act, 2000, up to and including August 2005. The weaknesses arose because of the absence of clear policy on how to implement the Act in relation to the intelligence services, and in relation to information held by the intelligence and security services. The study therefore argues the need for a comprehensive policy package, which sets criteria for the conditions under which information should be protected from disclosure, and the criteria for determining when information no longer requires such protection. Finally, it argues for strict oversight of the intelligence services’ choices around secrecy and transparency.
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    Allusions to the body: Jeremy Wafer's Oval Sculptures.
    (2006-10-31T12:24:01Z) Du Preez, Linda
    This dissertation is primarily an investigation into the sculpture of Jeremy Wafer and specifically his oval series, Red Ovals (1995), African Forms (1996), Red Ovals (second series) (1998) and Large White Oval (2004). The aim is to establish how, from a post-structuralist and anthropomorphic position, these non-illusionistic sculptural forms may engage the viewer experientially by evoking the body visually, physically and spatially. Wafer’s reductive articulation of surface, material and form is analysed in terms of notions of secrecy and metaphorical referencing specifically relating to the human form. A ‘sense of disquiet’ is evoked by their ambiguity, and this aspect is confronted by looking at various dichotomies and their transition and hybridisation to form the ‘unifying pattern’ that Wafer’s sculptures present. The role of process, repetition and seriality are researched within this context. The works from my Simulacra exhibition in May 2005 at the Substation on the University of the Witwatersrand Campus are discussed according to the above aspects, as they are relevant to my own sculptures.