ETD Collection

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Author: search.filters.author.Munsamy, ClintonHas files: Yes

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    A morphological study of the lingula in South Africans in relation to sagittal split osteotomy
    (2014-09-02) Munsamy, Clinton
    The sagittal split ramus osteotomy is a common procedure used to correct jaw deformities. The lingula is an important anatomical landmark that is used as a reference to position the horizontal osteotomy cut on the medial aspect of the mandible. Knowledge of its position in relation to surrounding anatomical structures is essential in order to prevent complications related to the procedure. The aim of this study was to provide medical and dental practitioners with useful data regarding the position of the lingula in relation to surrounding anatomical landmarks. Such data may be of clinical relevance when performing surgery on the mandibular ramus and when providing anaesthesia for routine dental procedures. The study involved anthropometric measurements on adult dry mandibles obtained from the ‘Dart Collection’ at the School of Anatomical Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. A total number of 113 adult human dry mandibles were studied. From these specimens, 201 sides were examined. The most common shape of lingula noted within the study was that of the truncated type which was found in 38.8% of cases, followed by the triangular, nodular and assimilated types which comprised 30.8%, 21.4% and 8.9% respectively. The average distance of the tip of the lingula from the anterior border, posterior border and sigmoid notch the ramus of the mandible was approximately 20.15mm, 16.77mm and 16.3mm respectively. The average distance of the tip of the lingula from the mandibular second molar tooth was found to be 33.3mm. The lingula was above the level of the occlusal plane in 63.7% of cases, by an average distance of 6.5mm. The width and height of the mandibular foramen exhibited great variation. Anatomical differences in Caucasian and Black mandibles were noted, with the 4 rami of Caucasian mandibles generally being smaller in dimension compared to black mandibles. The anatomic data provided by this study may assist surgeons to locate and identify the lingula without difficulty, and avoid intraoperative complications. The data presented has a direct relevance to clinical practice and teaching.
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    A retrospective histopathologic review of paediatric oral and maxillofacial cases presented in Johannesburg, 1987-2007
    (2011-03-08) Munsamy, Clinton
    The characterisation of oral and maxillofacial histopathology found in children has been reported from developed countries of the west and in some developing countries in Africa but as yet not from South Africa. A retrospective study was designed to evaluate the epidemiological features of paediatric oral and maxillofacial histopathology seen at the University of the Witwatersrand’s Division of Oral Pathology from January 1987 to December 2007. A total of 1,258 children ≤ 16 years of age with histologically confirmed disease in the oral and/or maxillofacial region were recorded, with a male to female ratio of 1:1,05. A progressive increase in the frequency of oral and maxillofacial lesions was seen with increase in the age of the patient. Most lesions were concentrated in the 13-16 year age group (41,5%). Pathology involving the jaw bones formed the largest category of all oral and maxillofacial pathologies (40% of the total number of cases) and was predominated by odontogenic cysts and tumours (61,8%). Odontogenic tumours showed a significantly higher frequency in children over 12-years of age (P=0,006). A higher frequency of unicystic ameloblastoma than in the literature was noted. The remaining pathology, in decreasing order of frequency, involved the oral and perioral soft tissues (31,6%), the salivary glands (18%), oral mucosa (8,9%) and dental hard tissues (1,7%). Most lesions of soft tissue and salivary gland were reactive / inflammatory in nature and were outweighed by fibro-epithelial polyps and extravasation mucoceles respectively. Nearly two-thirds of the oral mucosal lesions were benign Human Papilloma Virus-induced lesions. Malignant neoplasms comprised 4,1% of the total number of cases with Burkitt’s lymphoma emerging as the most common malignancy. Although the smallest number of biopsy specimens was obtained from children younger than 5-years of age, the likelihood of a malignant diagnosis in the latter age group was substantially higher than in older children.