ICADLA 2: International Conference on African Digital Libraries and Archives
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Item Programme: International Conference on African Digital Libraries and Archives (ICADLA 2)(2012-04-11) International Conference on African Digital Libraries and Archives (ICADLA 2)This strategic planning conference will bring together Directors of National Archives, Libraries and Museums and tertiary institutions across Africa to discuss how they can design and implement national digitisation programmes to improve the availability of and access to African scholarly and cultural digital content to enhance the continent’s development efforts.Item Resource mobilisation: a prerequisite for project implementation, success and sustainability(2012-04-18) Molefe, ChedzaUnprecedented developments in technology that lead to remarkable increases in knowledge processing and production, coupled with new user demands, have made digitization essential. Access to resources has dwindled in the wake of the economic slow-down. It has become imperative to make projects attractive to donors through proper and elaborate planning. Collaboration, an old concept in libraries, is one strategy for attraction. Resource mobilization, an important part of planning, should always be the first step in embarking on digitization projects. It should therefore be carried out in a systematic way following a resource mobilization strategy with specific steps. The Organization of African Unity (OAU) now defunct project illustrates how deficiencies in resource mobilization can lead to project failure. It is proposed that ICADLA set up a steering team to work with Economic Commission for Africa (ECA) and the African Union Commission (AUC) to implement resource mobilization strategy with the view to coordinating and promoting digitization projects in Africa for the development of an African Digital Library of information for development.Item CREATION OF A DIGITAL AFRICAN ARCHIVE(2012-06-14) Malan, PierreSabinet Gateway, a non-profit organization that promotes and supports library and information services in Africa, has been awarded a $1,8 million grant from the Carnegie Corporation New York to create an African Online Journal Archive. This archive, the first of its kind to contain purely African content, will make academic inputs from all over Africa available for research purposes to local and international organisations and academic institutions. The aim is to create for the first time a central full-text repository of retrospective journal content that contains important African research across a number of fields, including the medical, social sciences and environmental arenas. These materials have unique value, providing not only the vital groundwork for further or related research but assisting to preserve the heritage of the African continent. Stretching over four years, this project includes the sourcing of African journal content, the negotiation of publisher agreements, digitization and indexing of the journal content and the creation of a front end that will make the journal content easily accessible to end users online. As a result the project aims for the archive to contain approximately 90 000 articles.Item CHALLENGES AND PROSPECTS FACING THE DIGITIZATION OF HISTORICAL RECORDS FOR THEIR PRESERVATION WITHIN THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES OF ZIMBABWE PPT(2012-06-14) Sigauke, Delight T.; Nengomasha, Dr C. T.The National Archives of Zimbabwe Act (1986) has declared that historical records in particular must be protected against any destruction, defacing, alteration, mutilation or damage. Despite this, the pace at which digitization has been implemented by the National Archives of Zimbabwe and other memory institutions to ensure the protection and preservation of historical records and other valuable information materials, has been slack and ad-hoc. This paper will present and discuss the circumstances and challenges facing the country’s National Archiving institution in embarking on digitization efforts to preserve selected public and private historical records and archives-generated public registries, memory institutions and other information centres in Zimbabwe.Item EXAMINING TECHINICAL ISSUES OF THE WORLD DIGITAL LIBRARY IN UGANDA(2012-06-14) Kaddu, SarahWDL -Internet based information resource co-sponsored by the LC and UNESCO In 2005, Dr James Billington approached UNESCO with a proposal - an online collection of unique materials - to access the documented heritage The LC and UNESCO entered into an agreement to develop a prototype of the Digital LibraryItem CREATING DIGITAL LIBRARY COLLECTIONS: PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES FOR LIBRARIES IN MALAWI(2012-06-14) Salanje, FrancisSince 2008 Malawi Libraries have created more than ten digital library collections of local publications such as dissertations, theses, reports, scientific papers, speeches by politicians and newspaper articles on HIV/AIDS and gender issues. Most publications included were not “born digital.” This paper views digitization as including the processes of scanning and creation of collections using Open source software such as Greenstone, DSpace, Endnote and Electronic Records and Management System. In Malawi Libraries digitization started after some librarians had attended various training workshops within and outside the country. The projects still face many challenges including: inadequate expertise, use of inadequate equipment, lack of OCR software, unfavourable copyright laws, non-interoperability resulting from use of different content software, thus hampering inter-institutional exchange of records. Some collections are not yet accessible online. It is worth noting however, that constant progress is being made, and some libraries are now acquiring appropriate equipment and software. The Malawi Copyright Act of 1989 is also being revised to accommodate electronic documents. Librarians are gaining expertise mostly through hands-on training.Item A network model(2012-06-14) Cousins, Jill‘Digitisation and online accessibility of cultural material are essential to highlight cultural and scientific heritage, to inspire the creation of new content and to encourage new online services to emerge. They help to democratise access to culture and knowledge and to develop the information society and the knowledge-based economy.’Item THE INTERNET ARCHIVE(2012-06-14) Kahle, BrewsterItem THE GREYLIT PROJECT: INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE CHALLENGES IN CAPACITY AND RESOURCES PPT(2012-06-14) Myers, Glenda; Aloia, Danielle; Bekwa, PhindileThe broadest definition of grey literature covers a body of literature that cannot easily be found by means of conventional published channels, and includes government research, non-profit reports and reports from other primary resource materials. In the digital age, the reputation of the source is of prime importance. As such, the Institutional Repository (IR) is able to play an important part in validation of the integrity of material. The New York Academy of Medicine (NYAM) has invited the Witwatersrand Health Sciences Library (WHSL) to partner with them in adding suitable South African public health and health policy documents to their Grey Literature Report. In order to co-operate, WHSL has had to formulate a strategy for digitization of the material that it wishes to contribute to the Grey Literature Report. This paper describes some of the challenges applicable to the digitization of healthcare material at WHSL.Item PRINCIPLES OF THE DIGITAL HERITAGE PPT(2012-06-14) Layton, RogerItem THE GREYLIT PROJECT: INTERNATIONAL CO-OPERATIVE CHALLENGES IN CAPACITY AND RESOURCES(2012-06-14) Myers, Glenda; Aloia, Danielle; Bekwa, PhindileThe broadest definition of grey literature covers a body of literature that cannot easily be found by means of conventional published channels, and includes government research, non-profit reports and reports from other primary resource materials. In the digital age, the reputation of the source is of prime importance. As such, the Institutional Repository (IR) is able to play an important part in validation of the integrity of material. The New York Academy of Medicine (NYAM) has invited the Witwatersrand Health Sciences Library (WHSL) to partner with them in adding suitable South African public health and health policy documents to their Grey Literature Report. In order to co-operate, WHSL has had to formulate a strategy for digitization of the material that it wishes to contribute to the Grey Literature Report. This paper describes some of the challenges applicable to the digitization of healthcare material at WHSL.Item BURUNDI ARCHIVES: POLICY AND LEGISLATIVE FRAMEWORK(2012-06-14) Ndayisaba, Jean PaulThe paper discusses the situation at Burundi Archives in modern society, its role, development and future. It provides an overview of the current socio-political and economic environment after four decades of civil war that prevailed in Burundi, as is well known, at periods from independence in 1962 to the present. Recent research findings regarding current record keeping initiatives in the public and private sector in Burundi and their effect on service delivery are presented. Included is the recent project initiated by the International Records Management Trust through its East Africa regional research project conducted by archivists and records managers on “Aligning records management with e-Government/Information Communication Technology and freedom of information in East Africa”. The key characteristics of economic advancement in Africa are transparency, responsibility, accountability, participation of all the people, both men and women, and responsiveness to the peoples’ needs. The general intention behind this paper is to present the legal and policy framework regarding freedom of information, ICT and e-Government initiatives and national plans, records management and archives issues. Nowadays, development is to a large extent achieved through the documentation of decision processes and actions, and by making the resulting documentation accessible to the citizens. This presentation will provide an opportunity to describe key government bodies, their mandate, structure, staffing, training and role in preserving the memory of society, through, for example, the creation, management and dissemination of trustworthy records, which will further be referred to as record-keeping. The paper concludes by positing that Burundi archives are underutilized as information sources. This is partly due to professional problems like lack of recognition of archives by governments, obsolete legislation, lack of professional training and advocacy, inadequate service, and inadequate or non-existent access tools. Another factor is lack of appropriate hardware and software and user-friendly systems, lack of knowledge using information technology, costs, and the vulnerability of digital information. Finally, the paper will discuss the challenge of record-keeping and some of opportunities in the digital society.Item DEVELOPING NEW APPROACHES TO THE PRESERVATION AND SHARING OF AFRICA’S PRINTED HERITAGE: THE ERITREAN CASE.(2012-06-14) Tewolde, Azeb; Zaccaria, MassimoThe project that we have been working in the last two years is the case of a dispersed collection and the attempt to virtually recreate/ reassemble it. The project was financed by the European Union (EU) with the granting of a Marie Curie fellowship and implemented in cooperation with the Research and Documentation Centre of Asmara and the University of Pavia (Italy) in the period 2009-2011.Item Closing Plenary(2012-06-14) ICADLA 2The closing plenary session was facilitated by Felix Ubogu and Abraham Azubuike. The plenary commenced with the presentation of suggestions and nominations for the ICADLA Conveners, the ICADLA Standing Committee Members, the International Advisory Committee and the Supporting Partners.Item DIGITIZATION OF ARCHIVAL RECORDS: THE KENYA NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND DOCUMENTATION SERVICE EXPERIENCE.(2012-06-14) Namande, Ben WekalaoThe Kenya National Archives was established in 1965 by an Act of Parliament to provide custody, among other functions, to public and private records of enduring value. It is worth noting that some information resources at the Kenya National Archives were created as early as the 17th century. Some of these old materials have since deteriorated as a result of both environmental and biological dangers and become fragile, brittle and discoloured. This situation highlights the need for long-term availability of such resources. This paper is a sojourn in the digitization endeavours at the Kenya National Archives. It shows what has been done and the challenges that have been experienced. Despite the four-phase attempt to digitize over 680 million pages of records, the process has experienced myriad challenges those of particularly inadequate human capital and financial resources.Item CAPACITY BUILDING ACTIVITIES ON OPEN ACCESS: THE UNITED NATIONS ECONOMIC COMMISSION FOR AFRICA PERSPECTIVE PPT(2012-06-14) Onyancha, Ms IreneThe United Nations Economic Commission for Africa, through the Division for ICT, Science and Technology, and in partnership with donors and other multi stakeholders, has played a significant role at national and regional level in facilitating development and fine-tuning of policies to improve the use of ICT application and promote knowledge access for socio-economic development in Africa. In addition ECA as an Open Access publisher contributes to a wealth of knowledge detailing on important research or decisions that have been made on the economic and social developmental aspects in Africa. This has been made available through the ECA Institutional repository currently containing 17,000 metadata records with about 11,000 linked digital files. Furthermore, ECA has established the Access to Scientific Knowledge in Africa initiative (ASKIA), a framework for bringing together scientific and socio-economic information for the African community over an interactive online portal acting as a one-stop shop to such knowledge and associated information. Different modalities are proposed in achieving the goals of ASKIA taking into consideration the information needs of users, opportunities brought by new technologies and the global trends on knowledge exchange and dissemination. Capacity building to strengthen institutional capacities to capture, manage and disseminate local content is an integral part of the programme.Item DIGITIZATION OF ARCHIVAL RECORDS: THE KENYA NATIONAL ARCHIVES AND DOCUMENTATION SERVICE EXPERIENCE. PPT(2012-06-14) Namande, Ben WekalaoThe Kenya National Archives was established in 1965 by an Act of Parliament to provide custody, among other functions, to public and private records of enduring value. It is worth noting that some information resources at the Kenya National Archives were created as early as the 17th century. Some of these old materials have since deteriorated as a result of both environmental and biological dangers and become fragile, brittle and discoloured. This situation highlights the need for long-term availability of such resources. This paper is a sojourn in the digitization endeavours at the Kenya National Archives. It shows what has been done and the challenges that have been experienced. Despite the four-phase attempt to digitize over 680 million pages of records, the process has experienced myriad challenges those of particularly inadequate human capital and financial resources.Item Keynote(2012-06-14) Anyanwu, Professor John C.Item Biographical Notes on Presenters(2012-06-14) ICADLA 2Second International Conference on African Digital Libraries and Archives, biographical notes on presentersItem PRINCIPLES OF THE DIGITAL HERITAGE(2012-06-14) Layton, RogerWe were commissioned in late 2009 to create the National Policy on Digitization for the Department of Arts and Culture. This policy was subjected to public participation in early 2011, receiving positive comment and critique, and has now moved onto the next stage in its life cycle. As the project leader for this policy development I can now look back and reflect on the processes that led to the formulation of the recommendations and in particular how I envisioned the future of digital repositories and libraries. I made a specific point in the policy that heritage has the longest agenda of any human activity, which could be seen as eternal, with our largest group of stakeholders being future generations. Whereas libraries have been in existence for thousands of years, these have always involved the management of physical books and related documents, and the manner in which libraries are managed and administered has changed very little in this time. Computers have only a 60-year history, and initial computerized systems were primarily used for library administration and indexing. It was only with the introduction of the first digital networks and the World Wide Web that it was possible to share and cross-reference electronic documents using digital networks . The Digitization Policy was the core output of our work with the Department of Arts and Culture, and provided the key policy statement on how to enable a long-term digital heritage that was preserved and was accessible, and for which the issues of intellectual property were clarified. However, there were many other outputs that derived from this policy, including a collection of best practices associated with the digital heritage in all of its forms. I called this the Digital Heritage Body of Knowledge (DHBOK) and this was structured into the core areas of Principles, People, Processes, and Practices. In this paper I focus on the Principles which form the basis on which key decisions can be made when confronted with the plethora of choices that do confront organisations during various processes within the digital heritage. I could not prescribe a single set of choices or priorities that would cover every situation and every context, but I did manage to formulate a general set of principles to guide decision-making. The outcome was a set of 15 such Principles, drawn from extensive research of the available literature, of current practices and standards, and from interviews with key local and international stakeholders. These are the key Principles that define the notion of “success” within any digital heritage project, no matter whether this is a digital library, digital archive or virtual museum.