3. Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) - All submissions
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Item Lenses from the margins: young schooling mothers' experiences in two high schools in Gauteng(2-07-17) Kimani, WacangoListening to the voices of learners, also referred to as ‘student voice’, ‘pupil voice’ or ‘insider perspective’, is an aspect of inclusive education research that views learners as experts on their own lives, and provides insight into school subcultures that are relatively inaccessible to adults. This study listened to the voices of eleven young schooling mothers to find out the factors that help or hinder their successful completion of high school. A participatory methodology was used to listen to learners’ voices. The study’s model of inclusive research involved using a participatory approach in which the young schooling mothers assumed the role of co-researchers. The multiple data collection methods employed recognise the values of community, respect for diversity and belonging also enabled inclusive engagement by building on the participants' strengths and encouraged meaningful participation. I collected data using cellphone messaging, learners’ journals, interviews, focus group discussions and video interviews. The multiple opportunities provided to the learners to speak about their school experiences highlighted the efficacy of the methods and revealed the learners’ preferences. Data was analysed using phenomenography, an approach that identified the qualitatively different ways in which the experiences of the young schooling mothers could be understood. The study found that learner-managed methods (cell phone messaging, journaling and learners’ video interviews) provided unique and authentic perspectives into the young mothers’ private lives. The learners stated that they felt included in school by being involved in the research and by voicing their experiences of school as young schooling mothers. The young schooling mothers experienced school and schooling as rapidly changing experiences of inclusion, exclusion and marginalisation. The learners identified situations when they could be treated as both the same as, and different from other learners. Recommendations to ensure the learners successful completion of high school include a differentiated recognition of difference approach and a review of policy based on a non-judgmental construction of young motherhood.Item South African architectural record(Institutes of South African architects and the chapter of South African quantity surveyors, 1910-07)South African architectural RecordItem Native housing(1939-10) Connell, PH; Irvine-Smith, C; Jonas, K; Kantorowich, R; Wepener, FJItem The anatomy of locomotion in primates, with particular reference to the orang-utan.(1944) van Dongen, L. G. R.Item A critical analysis of the Bantu pelvis, with special reference to the female.(1945) Heyns, O. S.The student of pelvic morphology is compelled sooner or later to consider the two main functions of the girdle, those of weight-bearing and parturition. These functions Inevitably guide his Investigations. Comparatively little work has been done on the pelvic mechanics of erect posture. The evolution of man's erect posture, on the other hand, has been considered by Friedenthal (1910), Weidenreich (1913), Keith (1923), Morton (1926), Westenhofer (1929), and Reynolds (1931)* The last author's disappointing paper succeeds only in demonstrating the difficulty of establishing the principles underlying the orthopaedist's approach to the mechanics of man's posture.Item The Fulani of Northern Nigeria(Lagos: Govt print, 1945) St. Croix, F.W. De.Item The physiological significance of p-Aminobenzoic Acid(1946-04) Bloomberg, B. M.The interest of the biochemist in para-aminobenzoic acid is very recent and, indeed, only goes back about five years, but in this time quite a voluminous literature has accumulated on the biological aspects and importance of this aniline derivative. Attention was originally focussed on it indirectly as a result of the intensive research devoted to the understanding of the mode of action of the various sulphonamides, which were shown during the last decade to be very powerful chemothera-peutic agents against many bacteria. Fildes (1940, propounded the hypothesis that p-aminobenzoic acid was an essential meta-bolite for bacteria, that it was normally associated with an enzyme system in the bacterial cell, and that sulphanilamide, being structurally similar to p-aminobenzoic acid, was capable in sufficient concentration of displacing p-aminobenzoic acid from its enzyme and stopping this essential line of metabolism. Fildes further suggested that a substance which was found to be an essential metabolite for bacteria would also be essential in the animal kingdom, so that such a substance might be found to act as a vitamin in the higher animals and even in man. In 19U1 interest in p-aminobenzoic acid was intensified with the announcement by Ansbacher (19U1J that p-eminobenzoic acid was actually a vitamin and should be included in the vita¬min B complex. In this thesis, studies on the absorption and excretion of p-aminobenzoic acid are reported, the estimation of p-amino- bensoic acid being based on its property of antagonising the Bulphonamides. Evidence is presented that p-arainobenzoic acid la excreted ae p-acetylaminobenzoic acid, and that its conjuga- tion with the acetyl radical probably takeB place in the liver. Further it is suggested that the experiments performed do not lend support to the view that p-aminobenzolc acid is a vitamin for man. Finally the various physiological effects of p-aminobenzoic acid are discussed and an attempt is made to gauge its function in the living organism. Preliminary experiments indicating a new, hitherto unreported, role of p-aminobenzoic acid are re¬corded, namely its ability in large doses to increase the re¬sistance of animals to disease.Item Chromosome studies in elephantulus with special reference to the allocyclic behaviour of the sex chromosomes and the structure of heterochtomatin(1947) Brenner, SydneyEvery organism, whether it he plant or animal, worm or man, propagates Itself with a definable degree of constancy* Such constancy cannot be entirely related to the ever-changing external environment; it becomes,of necessity, mainly an inherent function of the organism itself* Somewhere in the organism, there exists a system which determines, controls, or regulates the visible expressions of organlsmal constancy.Item Survey of housing and family conditions : Orlando township : (with special reference to housing needs)(1949) Eberhardt, Jacqueline LItem Iron storage in the neonatal period of the human infant(1950) Van Dongen, L. G. R.Iron is one of the vital elements of the human body. Without it respiration would be quite impossible. Haemoglobin, the transporter of oxygen throughout the body, has iron as an essential constituent, and it is in this protein complex that the greatest bulk of the metal is found. Iron also plays a very essential part in the respiration of the tissues, as it is a vital element in intracellular respiratory enzymes such as catalase, cytochrome, cytochrome oxidase, etc. Further it is found in the chromatin material of nuclei in the cells of all the tissues.Item A study of certain psychological functions of the human brain.(1951) Reinhold, MargaretItem The background of congenital abnormalities in general, and especial consideration of rubella (German Measles), its epidemiology, symptomatology and teratology: A review of the literature(1951-01) Fasser, E.Every morbid condition, occurring in Medicine is based fundamentally on the genetic constitution of the individual, but only diseases whloh are significantly related to hereditary factors are regarded as hereditary diseases. In the thesis presented by the writer, an attempt is made to show how the environment affects the development and expression of factors genetical in origin. The first part of this work is really only a sketchy introduction to the genetic processes involved, and is presented as a background on which to paint the picture of certain conditions regarded as slgnifioantally environmental in origin,. Hence the early chapters cannot be regarded as being vety complete or detailed, but an attempt has been made to present the basic genetic laws, and to Interpret various morbid processes in the foetus and newborn In the light of these laws. Some of these pathological conditions have only recently been understood, and a few are enumerated In the hope of producing an over-all picture. Some are touched upon as being of some practical importance either . at the present date, or possibly in the near future, This brings us to the conception of "prenatal paediatrics." There is a tendency at the present time for a closer relationship to develop between obstetrician and paediatrician Just because of the newer knowledge regarding the reciprocal relationship between maternal and foetal status. Maternal nutri- Importance* Obstetricians, today, in introducing newer and safer procedures, operations, and analgaesic methods for delivering their patients, consider more and more, the management of labour in terms of the effect upon the foetus. Psychological, as well as physiological care of the pregnant woman must be instituted beoause psychological disturbances may significantly affect the actual physiology of pregnancy and parturition. Paediatric attention, initiated early in pregnancy, is therefore not necessarily an impractical procedure. As the genetlo constitution cannot be Varied the aim of “prenatal paediatrics” must be directed towards modification of adverse environmental factors. One of the great aims of Eugenics is to prevent the action of adverse genetio factors, but the scope of eugenics at.the present time Is limited in its application. There appears to be a tendency, as the centuries roll on, for balanced genetical systems to evolve, whioh seem to be resistant to change. Whether the future use of atomic radiation, either in Peace or in War, may change this, remains to be seen. The effects of maternal rubella, as described in the second part of this work, appear to be so diverse in different instances, that the operation of co-existent genetical background factors oannot entirely be excluded. It is essential to obtain better statistical Information regarding gene frequencies. Biochemistry, physiology, and Serology should be allied to Clinical and Social Medicine In an attempt to discover v i i i . and diabetes, and also various types of defedtfe fend malformations, such as congenital morbus cordis * deaf-mutism, mental defioienoy, eto. Art Investigation of the relationship between neonatal stattie fend the development of subsequent disease patterns during later childhood, or even adulthood, will undoubtedly » prove to be of the greatest import. In this work reference has been made to the value of epidemiological Btudies as a means of uncovering mechanisms which produce congenital defects. It should be remembered that, due to differences in diet, medical care, and a thousand other factors of changed environment, maternal status today is different to what it was fifty or one hundred years ago, and any effects for good or ill on the foetal population can. be unearthed by careful, prolonged statistical study. It is obvious that the correlated efforts of many branches of Ollnlcal, Experimental and Social Medicine over long.periods, are essential to produoe useful results. For lnstanoe, mongolism occurring in two slbs may not necessarily represent an hereditary condition, as one of the cases may be incidental, or dependant on environmental factors obtaining for both affected sibs. Similarly, many of the less typloal congenital defects, which in late years have been described as appearing in children born after maternal rubella may be incidental, and either represent the risk to the foetal population at large, or may yet be the means of uncovering the operation of other environmental factors as well. Hence we see the need for a oloser follow up of all morbid or abnormal conditions during pregnancy, particularly/*«,. particularly virus infections, with complete reports on the infants subsequently born, whether normal or otherwise. This need becomes clear, when the latter part of this work is consulted. The investigations carried out on maternal rubella as an aetiological factor in the production of congenital defects is presented as a most important step in the understanding and prevention of unfortunate accidents of foetal development. The present thesis is essentially a review of the literature, but several oases are presented on account.of the paucity of reports in the xrorld literature. In this connection, the writer would like to acknowledge case histories given by Doctors D. G. Melle, 0.N..Javett, M. Chitters, W, Tope, M, Epstein and C-. Faerber all of Johannesburg, and Doctors B. Epstein, P. Oosterhagen and J. Rudolph of Pretoria. Valuable assistance and great courtesy has been offered by the Matron, St. Vinoentfs School for the Deaf, Johannesburg, Mr. Wentworth of.the National Council for the Blind, Pretoria, Dr. le Riche of the Union Health Department, Pretoria, Ma.^or Dreisenstock at Defence Headquarters, Pretoria and those most efficient librarians, Miss A.C. Dick.and Miss Krige of the Witwatersrand Medical Library. My thanks are also due to the doctors at Union Health Department, Pretoria who so graciously plaoed their excellent library material at my disposal* Last but not least, I am indebted to Mrs, T. Mellet, Miss E. Marcus and my wife for clerical assistance. X. E„ F. Pretoria, January, 1951.Item Cytological and cytogenetical studies on the testis of the gerbil, Tatera brantsii draco.(1952) Tobias, Phillip VBiology, having outgrown its purely descriptive phase, has, for nearly a century, been in an era of causal analysis. It has been a period of extreme compartmentalisation of the general field into many disciplines, each endowed with a defined range of problems, with peculiar materials of study and with special approaches and techniques.From the nature of things, it is inevitable that each biologist should have been a specialist. The field of living things ramified so vastly that the species of scientist known as the biologist or naturalist became largely extinct: instead, there were geneticists, systematists, physiologists, embryologists, biochemists, cytologlsts and others. Specialisation did not stop even at that point for the systematists split into mammalogists, ornithologists, helminthologists, etc.; the geneticists into experimental geneticists, cytogeneticists, phenogenetlclsts, and so on. Good and bad consequences flowed from this tendency. The advantage of specialisation was a great increase in the store of factual information; the disadvantage lay in the isolation between representatives of the various disciplines and in the absence of cross-pollination in the development and evaluation of concepts.Item A study of the factors influencing the life cycle of synthetic anion exchange resins, with special reference to the extraction of uranium(1953) Robinson, R. E.Investigations have been carried out into the life of various Anion Exchange Resins employed on the Rand for the extraction of uranium from the uranium Leach Liquors. It was found that in the case of the leach liquors produced at the western Reefs pilot plant and at the West Rand Consolidated Uranium plant, the major factor causing a decrease in the efficiency of the Ion exchange resins was the presence of certain chemical poisons in these pregnant solutions. [No abstract provided. Information taken from General Summary]Item Radioiron absorption studies in idiopathic haemochromatosis, malnutritional cytosiderosis, and transfusional haemosiderosis(1953-05) Bothwell, T. H.The quantity of iron in the body is regulated largely by the amount absorbed from the gut as the body's capacity to excrete it seems to be very limited. However three conditions have been described in which enormous amounts of iron may accumulate. Such a finding is characteristic of idiopathic haemochromatosis, it is present in a proportion of malnourished South African and is seen also in cases of refractory anaemia treated over long periods with blood transfusions.Item Patterns of health and nutrition in South African Bantu.Section C(1954) Kark, Sydney LItem Patterns of health and nutrition in South African Bantu. Introduction.(1954) Kark, Sydney lItem Patterns of health and nutrition in South African Bantu.Section A(1954) Kark, Sydney lItem Patterns of health and nutrition in South African Bantu. Annexure to Section B(1954) Kark, Sidney l