A Bridge to Belonging: An Inclusive Living and Day Care Community in Benoni, South Africa for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Abstract

Recognising the challenges faced by families of special needs individuals as their children transition into adulthood, this research aims to bridge the gap in services for adults with autism spectrum disorder by establishing tailored support communities that address their unique needs. Furthermore, it seeks to develop a design approach that prioritises the well-being and comfort of individuals with autism, encouraging their sense of belonging. The methodology will include a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. The quantitative research will involve questionnaires and a comprehensive desktop review of site analysis, statistics, literature, and precedents. The qualitative research will involve a combination of fieldwork and interviews. Site visits, precedent visits, observations, and photographs will provide firsthand insights into existing facilities and the experiences of individuals with autism. Email communications and semi-structured interviews with various participants will gather diverse perspectives on the topic. The design will take on a holistic approach to supporting its users, which primarily includes the residents, day program participants, and their families. The principal focus of the proposed development will be a learning and therapy centre, complimented by a residential and communal component. Additionally, the development will include a public park and commercial spaces for vocational opportunities. The primary research will delve into the realm of environmental psychology, exploring frameworks such as place attachment and place identity theory, the sense of home, and sensory processing theory. The secondary themes will include prospect and refuge theory, deinstitutionalisation, ergonomics, and sustainable practices. To fully understand the needs of the users, the research will also examine the delivery of services required by the National Healthcare Act for persons with intellectual disability. The proposed architectural style prioritises clarity and simplicity to create a comfortable home-like environment that minimises sensory overload. This approach offers a promising pathway toward promoting social inclusion for individuals with autism. By cultivating community engagement while respecting the need for privacy and moments of solitude, the design aims to create a haven that is both inclusive and supportive.